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1、AuditoryNeuroscienceAuditoryNeuroscienceMakingSenseofSoundJanSchnupp,IsraelNelken,andAndrewKingTheMITPressCambridge,MassachusettsLondon,England©2011MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanyelectronicormechanicalmeans(includi
2、ngphotocopying,recording,orinformationstorageandretrieval)withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Forinformationaboutspecialquantitydiscounts,pleaseemailspecial_sales@mitpress.mit.eduThisbookwassetinStoneSansandStoneSerifbyToppanBest-setPremediaLimited.PrintedandboundintheUnit
3、edStatesofAmerica.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataSchnupp,Jan,1966–Auditoryneuroscience:makingsenseofsound/JanSchnupp,IsraelNelken,andAndrewKing.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-0-262-11318-2(hardcover:alk.paper)1.Auditoryperception.2.Auditoryp
4、athways.3.Hearing.I.Nelken,Israel,1961–II.King,Andrew,1959–III.Title.QP461.S362011612.8′5—dc22201001199110987654321ContentsPrefacevii1WhyThingsSoundtheWayTheyDo12TheEar513PeriodicityandPitchPerception:Physics,Psychophysics,andNeuralMechanisms934HearingSpeech1395NeuralBasisofSound
5、Localization1776AuditorySceneAnalysis2237Development,Learning,andPlasticity2698AuditoryProstheses:FromtheLabtotheClinicandBackAgain295Notes321References323Index347PrefaceWhatThisBookIsAboutAsIwritetheselines,ashiverisrunningdownmyback.Notthatwritingusuallyhasthateffectonme.Butont
6、hisoccasion,Iamallowingmyselfalittlemomentofindulgence.AsIamwriting,Iamalsolisteningtooneofmyfavoritepiecesofmusic,theariaVorreispiegarvi,ohdio!composedbyMozartandmasterfullyperformedbythesopranoKathleenBattle.Adigitalaudioplayersitsinmypocket.Itissmallerthanamatchboxandoutwardly
7、serene;yetinsidethelittledeviceisimmenselybusy,extracting88,200numericalvalueseverysecondfromcomputerfilesstoredinitsdigitalmemory,whichitconvertsintoelectricalcurrents.Thecurrents,inturn,gener-ateelectricfieldsthatincessantlypushandtugeversogentlyonapairofdelicatemembranesintheear
8、budsofmyin-earheadphones.And,voilà,there
