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1、InternationalFeministconsciousnessandJournalofSocialEconomicscommunitydevelopment24,12SheldonWein1376DepartmentofPhilosophy,SaintMary’sUniversity,Halifax,NovaScotia,CanadaFeminismandcontractarianismAsVirginiaHeldhasobserved,feminists,moreinterestedinfosteringcommunitydevelopmentthaninth
2、eallocationofrights,have,forthemostpart,beenratherdisinclinedtoadopt,defend,orpromotecontractarianmoraltheories(Held,1987).Partofthefeministantipathytowardscontractarianismstemsfromthefactthatthebestcontemporaryversionsofcontractarianismhavebeenunderstoodbymanyfeministsasessentiallycons
3、ervativetheories.Thus,whenJohnRawlsdevelopsanddefendsanelegantandpowerfulversionofsocialcontractarianism,hedescribeshisproject(provisionally)asan“attempttodescribeourmoralcapacity”(1971,p.46),whichwewillbejustifiedinacceptingif,and(presumably)onlyif,itcanbebroughtintoreflectiveequilibri
4、umwithourconsideredjudgementsabouthowthingsoughttobe.However,feministshavearguedthatmanyofourconsideredjudgementsarethemselvestheproductofawarpedandpervasiveideologyand,consequently,anyoneinfluencedbysuchclaimswillnaturallybesuspiciousofanapproachtomoralphilosophywhichmightbeseenasdevel
5、opinganddefendingacoherentandorderedaccountofthoseveryjudgements.ToputitinStrawsonianterms,Rawls’sversionofcontractarianismispresentedasadescriptivemoraltheory,andfeminists,atleastthosewhohaveaninterestindefendingamoraltheory,areinclinedtowardsarevisionarymoraltheory(Strawson,1959).Furt
6、hermore,thosewhopresentcontractarianismasarevisionarymoraltheory–economicorHobbesiancontractarianssuchasDavidGauthierandJanNarveson–defendconservativesocialarrangementswhichvirtuallyeveryfeministhasspentyearsseekingtomovesocietyawayfrom[1].Itisonlynaturalforaphilosopherwithfeministincli
7、nations–someonewho,almostbydefinition,isaradicalphilosopher–toreactnegativelytowardsaphilosophicapproachtoconstructingatheoryofjusticewhichitsleadingdefenderspresent(albeitinverydifferentways)asessentiallyconservative.However,thisonlygoestoexplainwhyfeministphilosopherstendtobe
