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1、LanguageLearning&TechnologyJanuary,2006,Volume10,Number1http://llt.msu.edu/vol10num1/review3/pp.30-37REVIEWOFTHREESOFTWAREPROGRAMSDESIGNEDTOIDENTIFYLEXICALBUNDLESTitleKfNgram1.2.03N-GramPhraseExtractorWordsmithTools3(CompleatLexicalTutor4.0)PlatformPC(downl
2、oad)PC(useonWebsite)PC(download)MinimumNoinformationprovidedWindowsorLinuxWindows98,2000,andhardwareXPrequirementsPublisherWilliamH.FletcherTomCobbMikeScotthttp://kwicfinder.com/kfNghttp://www.lextutor.ca/http://www.lexically.net/wram/kfNgramHelp.htmlordsmi
3、th/index.htmlSupportBriefmanualprovidedonDirectionsprovidedoneachOnlinemanualprovidedofferedthesoftware’swebsitescreen.Contact:onthewebsitehttp://www.lextutor.ca/mailerTargetEnglishEnglishandFrenchEnglishlanguageTargetBeginningtoadvancedBeginningtoadvancedu
4、sersBeginningtoadvancedaudienceusersusersPriceFreeFreeLicenseforasingleuseriscurrentlyaround£50(approx.US$92or€75);alicenseforupto10usersisaround£250(US$460,€376)andforupto50usersaround£500(US$919,€753).ReviewbyOmerAri,GeorgiaStateUniversityOVERVIEWThreesof
5、twareprograms--N-GramPhraseExtractor,kfNgram,andWordsmithTools--arereviewedintermsoftheiruser-friendlinessandefficiencyforsearchingforlexicalbundles,whicharerecurringchunksofwordsintext.User-friendlinessisdefinedastheeaseinoperatingtheinterfaceoftheprogram;
6、efficiencyisdefinedasfulfillingthecriteriabywhichwordcombinationsqualifyaslexicalbundles,suchasfrequencyandmulti-textoccurrence(Biber,Johansson,Leech,Conrad,&Finegan,1999;Biber,Conrad,&Cortes,2004).Ofthethreesoftwareprograms,N-GramPhraseExtractoristhemostus
7、er-friendlyprogramandcouldbeusedbylanguageteachersandlearnersforinformationonrawfrequencyoflexicalbundles.kfNgramhasaneasy-to-usemaininterfaceandcouldalsobeusefultolanguageteachersandlearners.kfNgramandWordsmithToolsadditionallyprovideinformationonrawfreque
8、ncyandaremoreefficientthanN-GramPhraseExtractor.kfNgramandWordsmithToolscouldbeusedbyresearchersandothersinterestedinmulti-textoccurrenceaswellasrawfrequencyinformation.Specificdetailsareexplainedfurth
