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1、Chapter2MethodologicalFrameworksandSystemsEngineeringProcesses(方法论框架和系统工程过程)Thereareanumberofframeworks（框架、体系）thatwemightusetocharacterize（描绘）systemsengineeringefforts.Wewilldescribesomeoftheminthischapter.Withoutasoundandwell-understoodproductline,orproce
2、ss,fortheacquisitionorproductionoflargesystems,itisverylikelythattherewillbeanumberofflaws（缺点）intheresultingsystemitself.Thus,thedefinition,development,anddeployment（部署）ofanappropriate（恰当的）process,orsetofprocesses,forsystemsproductionisveryimportant.9/1/20
3、2122007SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONInthischapterwefirstdiscussthenatureofsystemsacquisition（收购）,production（生产）,procurement（采购）,ormanufacturing（制造业）.Wewillgenerally（通常）usethewordacquisitiontodescribeeachoftheseefforts.Assystemsengineers,weareprimarilyc
4、oncernedwiththefunctionalandphysicalarchitecturesthatleadtoimplementationarchitecturesandtheresultingdetaileddesignofsystemsofalltypes.Designanddevelopmentisveryimportant,eventhoughtheacquisitionorproductionprocessalsodependsuponsuccessinthedefinitionandde
5、ployment（部署）phasesofthelifecycle.Designanddevelopmentisacreativeprocessthroughwhichsystemproducts,presumedtoberesponsivetoclientneedsandrequirements,areconceptualizedorspecified,manufacturedorotherwiseproduced,andfieldedorimplementedinsuchawaythattheycanbe
6、maintainedovertime.9/1/202132007SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONTherearefourprimaryingredientsinourdefinitionofdesignanddevelopment,andtheyapplytosoftwaredesignaswellastothedesignofhardwareandphysicalsystems.Developmentresultsfromspecifications（规格）orarchi
7、tectureforaproductorsystem.Developmentisacreativeprocess.Developmentactivityincludesdesigneffort,whichisconceptualinnature.Asuccessfuldesignanddevelopmentmustbebroadlyresponsivetoclientneedsandrequirements.9/1/202142007SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONGood
8、systemsengineeringpractice（实践）requiresthatthesystemsengineerberesponsivetoeachofthesefouringredientsforqualitydesignanddevelopmentefforts.Thefinalingredientrequiresasetofneedsandrequirementsoftheclientforthed
