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1、Chapter2MethodologicalFrameworksandSystemsEngineeringProcesses(方法论框架和系统工程过程)12019SYSTEMSENGINEERINGThereareanumberofframeworks（框架、体系）thatwemightusetocharacterize（描绘）systemsengineeringefforts.Wewilldescribesomeoftheminthischapter.Withoutasoundandwell-understoodproductline,orprocess,fortheacquis
2、itionorproductionoflargesystems,itisverylikelythattherewillbeanumberofflaws（缺点）intheresultingsystemitself.Thus,thedefinition,development,anddeployment（部署）ofanappropriate（恰当的）process,orsetofprocesses,forsystemsproductionisveryimportant.8/29/202122019SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONInthischapte
3、rwefirstdiscussthenatureofsystemsacquisition（收购）,production（生产）,procurement（采购）,ormanufacturing（制造业）.Wewillgenerally（通常）usethewordacquisitiontodescribeeachoftheseefforts.Assystemsengineers,weareprimarilyconcernedwiththefunctionalandphysicalarchitecturesthatleadtoimplementationarchitecturesandt
4、heresultingdetaileddesignofsystemsofalltypes.Designanddevelopmentisveryimportant,eventhoughtheacquisitionorproductionprocessalsodependsuponsuccessinthedefinitionanddeployment（部署）phasesofthelifecycle.Designanddevelopmentisacreativeprocessthroughwhichsystemproducts,presumedtoberesponsivetoclient
5、needsandrequirements,areconceptualizedorspecified,manufacturedorotherwiseproduced,andfieldedorimplementedinsuchawaythattheycanbemaintainedovertime.8/29/202132019SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONTherearefourprimaryingredientsinourdefinitionofdesignanddevelopment,andtheyapplytosoftwaredesignaswe
6、llastothedesignofhardwareandphysicalsystems.Developmentresultsfromspecifications（规格）orarchitectureforaproductorsystem.Developmentisacreativeprocess.Developmentactivityincludesdesigneffort,whichisconceptualinnature.Asuccessfuldesignanddevelopmentmustbebroadlyresponsivetoclientneedsandrequiremen
7、ts.8/29/202142019SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONGoodsystemsengineeringpractice（实践）requiresthatthesystemsengineerberesponsivetoeachofthesefouringredientsforqualitydesignanddevelopmentefforts.Thefinalingredientrequiresasetofneedsandrequ
