大学英语语法8——分词短语

《大学英语语法8——分词短语》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、CollegeEnglishGrammar:GrammarandWritingByZhuXiangjunUnit8Phrases:ParticipialPhrasesGrammar:ParticipialPhrasesWriting:Correcting:DanglingModifiersRewriting:SentenceemphasisParticipialPhrasesWordsthataremadeofverbsbutdon'tactlikeverbsarecalledverbals.Therearethreetypesofverbals:participles

2、,infinitivesandgerunds.Aparticipleisaverbformusedasanadjectivetomodifynounsandpronouns,orasanadverbtomodifyverbs,adjectivesorotheradverbs.Participlescomeintwoforms:thepresentparticiple(V-ing)andthepastparticiple(V-ed).ThepresentparticipleinEnglishisintheactivevoiceandisusedfor:1.modifyin

3、ganounasanadjective;Thegirlisdancing.Thegirlisthedaughterofmyneighbor.Thedancinggirlisthedaughterofmyneighbor.2.modifyingaverborwholesentenceasanadverb.Jacksmiled.Jacksaidhellotome.Smiling,Jacksaidhellotome.Thepastparticiplemaybeusedinbothactiveandpassivevoicesandisusedfor:modifyinga

4、nounasanadjective,withactivesense；Atreefellontheroad.Theroadwasblocked.Theroadwasblockedbyafallentree.modifyinganounasanadjective,withpassivesense;Thestreetwasdeserted.Ifeltuneasyonthestreet.Ifeltuneasyonthedesertedstreet.modifyingaverborsentenceasanadverb.Jackwasshaken.Jackhadtoqui

5、thisvillage.Jackwasindespair.Shaken,Jackhadtoquithisvillageindespair.Ifyouarenotsurewhetheryoushouldusepresentparticipleorpastparticiple,youcanturnthephraseintoasentence.Rightsentenceensuresrightchoice.ParticipialphraseSentence(be+participle)thesingingbirdsflyingtimebrokencartheexcited

6、children→Thebirdsaresinging.→Thebirdsaresung.→Timeisflying.→Timeisflown.→Thecarisbreaking.→Thecarisbroken.→Thechildrenareexciting.→Thechildrenareexcited.Asadjectives,participlesmaybeplacedbeforeorafterthewordstheymodify.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks.Soontheycoul

7、dseethesteamrisingfromthewetclothes.Ingeneral,presentparticiplesindicatetheactionisactiveandprogressive;pastparticiplesindicatetheactionispassiveandcompletion.Manyadverbialclausescanbereducedtoparticipialphrases,especiallywhentheysharethesubjectwiththemainclause.Ifyoufoll