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1、BTCH001673.03MultifunctionalEnzymeSystemsforPlantCellWallDegradationQXu,YLuo,S-YDing,andMEHimmel,BiosciencesCenter,NationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory,Golden,CO,USALBu,NationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory,Golden,CO,USARLamed,TelAvivUniversity,TelAviv,IsraelEABayer,WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot
2、,IsraelPublishedbyElsevierB.V.3.03.1Introduction153.03.2DiversityofMultifunctionalEnzymes163.03.2.1Cellulase–Cellulase163.03.2.2Hemicellulase–Hemicellulase183.03.2.3Cellulase–Hemicellulase183.03.2.4Hemicellulase–CarbohydrateEsterase193.03.3Inter-andIntraMolecularSynergism193.03.4IntraMolecular
3、Synergism:CluesfromThree-DimensionalStructures203.03.5ArtificialChimeras223.03.5.1OpportunitiesforMultifunctionalEnzymeChimeras233.03.5.1.1StrategiestoMimicNature233.03.5.2ChallengesofMultifunctionalEnzymeChimeras233.03.6FuturePerspective243.03.6.1OriginofMultifunctionalEnzymes243.03.6.2Improv
4、edCellulaseActivityUsingMultifunctionalEnzymes243.03.6.3ImprovementofFermentationStrainsbyTransferringMultifunctionalEnzymeGenes24Acknowledgments24References24RelevantWebsite25GlossaryglycosidehydrolasesEnzymesthatcleavetheglycosidiccarbohydrate-bindingmodule(CBM)Amodularbondbetweentwoormoreca
5、rbohydratesorbetweenacomponentofglycosidehydrolasesthattargetsthecarbohydrateandnoncarbohydrateresidue.catalyticmoduleoftheenzymetotheappropriatesiteonhemicellulasesEnzymes,suchasxylanases,mannanases,thecarbohydrate(usuallypolysaccharide)substratepriorandxyloglucanases,whichcatalyzethehydrolys
6、isofthetohydrolysis.correspondinghemicelluloses.cellulasesEnzymesthatcatalyzethehydrolysisofcellulose,plantcellwallThemultilayeredenvelopeofplantcellsspecificallythosethatcleavetheβ-1,4-glucosidicbond.consistingoflignocellulose,thatis,cellulosemicrofibrilsendoglucanasesEnzymesthathydrolyzetheβ
7、-1,embeddedinacomplexmatrixcomposedprimarilyof4-glucosidicbondsatrandompositionsalongthehemicelluloses,pectins,andlignins.cellulosechaintogeneratenewchain-endsandsynergyTheoverallefficiencyofenzymehydrolysisisoligosaccharidesofvariousle
