NSS Mastering Biology Suggested Answer Book 1B (eng)

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1、NewSeniorSecondaryMasteringBiologyBook1BTeachingnotesp.12/12SuggestedanswerstoExerciseandReadingtolearn(Note:Theoverseasexaminationboardsbearnoresponsibilityforthesuggestedanswerscontainedinthispublication.AnswersforHKCEEandHKALEquestionsarenotavailableduetocopyrightrest

2、rictions.)Chapter7GasexchangeinhumansExerciseMultiple-choicequestions(p.7-26)1D2B3C4C5C6B7B8A9C10C11DShortquestions(p.7-28)12Thedustparticlesandbacteriafromtheaircannotbefilteredbyciliaortrappedbymucus.1mTheycangodirectlyintoourlungs.1mThedustwillblocktheairpassageandthe

3、bacteriawillcauserespiratoryinfection.1m13aAirsacs1mbNasalcavity1mTrachea1mBronchi1mBronchioles(exceptthesmallestones)1mcIntercostalmuscles1mRibs1mDiaphragm1m14aInsequence:upwards/outwards1mdownwards/flatten1mbiOndiagram:OxygenarrowtobloodfromairandCO2arrowtoairfromblood

4、1mOxygenarrowtoredbloodcell1mCO2arrowfromplasma1miiDiffusion1miiiLargesurfacearea1m15HKCEEBiology2005IQ416InspirationExpirationIntercostalmusclesContractRelaxMovementofribcageUpwardsandoutwardsDownwardsandinwardsDiaphragmFlattenReturntodomeshapeVolumeofthoraxIncreaseDecr

5、easeãOxfordUniversityPress2009NewSeniorSecondaryMasteringBiologyBook1BTeachingnotesp.12/12PressureinthoraxDecreaseIncreaseDirectionofmovementofairIntothelungsOutofthelungs(1mforbothcorrectoneachrow,1mx6)Structuredquestions(p.7-29)17aBandC2mMucustrapsdust.1mCiliabeatmucus

6、upthetrachea,preventingitfromenteringthelungs.1mbF,GandH3mcE,airsac1mx2Itisthesiteofgasexchangebetweenairandblood.1m18aGeneraldescriptionofpressurechangesDecreasestoaminimumof–0.29/–0.3/–0.31kPa1mat0.8–0.9s0.5mThenreturnstozeroattheendofinspiration1mat1.62–1.7s0.5mbChang

7、esfrom–0.29/–0.3/–0.31kPato0.29/0.3/0.31kPa1mOverallchangeof0.58–0.62kPa1mciContractionofdiaphragmandintercostalmuscles1mIncreasedvolumeinthorax/chest,decreasedpressure1mPressurerisesasairmovesin1miiRelaxationofdiaphragmandintercostalmuscles0.5mReferencetoelasticity/elas

8、ticfibres0.5mDecreasedvolumeinthorax/chest,increasedpressure1mPressuredecreasesasairmovesout1m19HKCEEBi