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1、LinguisticTheory:TheDiscourseofFundamentalWorksRobertdeBeaugrandeconvertedtowebpagesanduploadedinJune2002Contents1.LinguisticTheoryasDiscourse2.FerdinanddeSaussure3.EdwardSapir4.LeonardBloomfield5.KennethLeePike6.LouisHjelmslev7.NoamChomsky8.JohnRupertFirth9.
2、MichaelHalliday10.TerryWinograd(previouslyunpublished)11.TeunvanDijkandWalterKintsch12.PeterHartmann13.LinguisticsversuslanguageReferences1.LinguisticTheoryasDiscourse1.1‘Surveys’of‘linguistictheory’havebecomesonumerousthatanewonecallsforsomejustification.Its
3、eemstomethateventhoughlinguisticsisaboutlanguage,themajorworksinlinguistictheoryhaveseldombeenanalysedandsynthesizedaslanguage,specifically:asamodeofdiscourseseekingtocircumscribelanguagebymeansoflanguage.Perhapsthislackisdueinparttothelimitationsimposedbythe
4、oristswhodidnotaddressdiscourseasalinguisticphenomenon,oronlymarginallyso.Perhapstoo,itwastacitlyassumedthattheoriesdonotcriticallydependonthelanguageinwhichtheyhappentobeexpounded.Today,however,discoursehasbecomeamajorareaofconcern;andthedependenceofconcepts
5、andargumentsonthediscoursethatconstitutesthemiswidelyacknowledged.1.2Therefore,toexaminelinguistictheoriesasdiscourseconstructionsisbynomeanstodiscounttheirconceptualimportance,buttoinsistonattendingverycarefullytotheemergenceofthoseconceptionswithintheorigin
6、aldiscoursebeforeproceedingontothemoreusualstagesofabstractionandparaphrase.Thisinsistencecanbeparticularlyinstrumentalintracingthedevelopmentofterminology,andthecontinuity,evolution,orchangeinthemajorlinesofargumentnotmerelybetweentheorists,butwithintheworko
7、fanindividualtheorist.1.3Onthewhole,thehistoryofthe‘scienceoflanguage’hasnotbeenunmanageablydiffuse.Majortheoreticalworksandframeworkshavenotbeenoverlynumerous.Andonthewhole,thedisciplinehasbeenfairlyparsimoniousinitstheorizing,indeedresolutelysointhefaceofth
8、ecomplexityoflanguage.Yetwecancertainlynotclaimthattheproblemsaddressedbyourpredecessorshavebynowvanishedorbeencompletelyresolved.Instead,wefrequentlysenseaneedtoreturntothoseproblemsandr
