working with discourse

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1、SourceOriginaltextsCommentsTextbook:WorkingwithDiscourseChapter1interpretingsocialdiscourseInthisbookweareconcernedwithinterpretingdiscoursebyanalysingit.Forusthismeanstreatingdiscourseasmorethanasequenceofclause;wewanttofocusonmeaningbeyondtheclause--onresourcesthatleadus

2、fromoneclausetoanotherasatextunfolds.Forusthisalsomeansthatwetreatdiscourseasmorethananincidentalmanifestationofsocialactivity;wewanttofocusonthesocialasitisconstructedthroughtexts--ontheconstitutiveroleofmeaningsinsociallife.Inasensethenthisbookisaninvitationtogrammarians

3、toreconsidertoreconsidermeaningintheclausefromtheperspectiveofmeaningintexts;anditisalsoaninvitationtosocialtheoriststoreconsidersocialactivityasmeaningwenegotiatethroughtexts.本书主要讲述了通过话语分析来进行。我们不应该把话语看做是一系列的句子，关注点应该在句子层面之上即语篇所展示的语源。这也意味着我们不能仅仅把话语看做社会活动的附带显示。话语通过语篇来构造，我们要更

4、加关注话语的社会性。本书是从语篇意义上审议句子意义，也是对社会理论家的一个引导：通过语篇重新审议社会活动。1.1AframeworkfordiscussionSocialdiscourserarelyconsistsofjustsingleclausesrathersocialcontaxtsdevelopassequencesofmeaningscomprisingtexts.Sinceeachtextisproducedinteractivelybetweenspeakers,andbetweenwritersand(potential

5、)readers,wecanuseittointerprettheinteractionitmanifests.Andsinceeachinteractionisaninstanceofthespeakers’culture,wecanalsousethetexttointerpretaspectsofthecultureitmanifests.语篇产生于说话者交互性的交谈中。展示了说话者，作者以及读者之间的交互性。我们可以用语篇来说明它的交互性。每一个交互性都是说话者所处文化的例证，因此，我们也可以用语篇来展示它本身所显示出的文化的各方面

6、。Clause-text-cultureHelena’sstoryisoneofthetextsweusetointerpretdiscoursethroughoutthisbook,andwewillreturntoitoften,examiningitssequencesofmeaningsfromdifferentperspectives,tounderstandjusthowitmanifeststhechangingHelena的故事贯穿于本书之中，用来作为话语分析的例证。从不同的视角监测意义序列，从而理解语篇所显示的变化着的文化

7、。cultureitispartof.Theframeworkforourdiscussionisthemodeloflanguageinsocialcontextthathasbeendevelopedwithinthebroadfieldofsystematicfunctionallinguistics(SFL).SFLresearchershavebeenactivelyconcernedforseveralgenerationswiththesemanticsofdiscourse.Andportabilityisoneaimoft

8、hisbook.Wewanttobuildupatoolkitfordiscourseanalysisthatreaderscantakeawaywiththemwhenthey