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1、TheHiddenLanguageofComputerHardwareandSoftwareCharlesPetzoldPUBLISHEDBYMicrosoftPressADivisionofMicrosoftCorporationOneMicrosoftWayRedmond,Washington98052-6399Copyright©2000byCharlesPetzoldAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthecontentsofthisbookmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeanswithoutthewr
2、ittenpermissionofthepublisher.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataPetzold,Charles,1953–Code/CharlesPetzold.p.cm.ISBN978-0-735-69260-2--ISBN0-7356-1131-9(paperback)1.Computerprogramming.2.Codingtheory.I.Title.QA76.6.P4951999005.7'221--dc2199-040198PrintedandboundintheUnitedStatesofAmeric
3、a.123456789QWM543210DistributedinCanadabyPenguinBooksCanadaLimited.ACIPcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.MicrosoftPressbooksareavailablethroughbooksellersanddistributorsworldwide.Forfurtherinformationaboutinternationaleditions,contactyourlocalMicrosoftCorporationofficeorc
4、ontactMicrosoftPressInternationaldirectlyatfax(425)936-7329.VisitourWebsiteatmspress.microsoft.com.Sendcommentstomspinput@microsoft.com.MacintoshisaregisteredtrademarkofAppleComputer,Inc.Microsoft,MS-DOS,andWindowsareeitherregisteredtrademarksortrademarksofMicrosoftCorpo-rationintheUnitedStatesan
5、d/orothercountries.Otherproductandcompanynamesmentionedhereinmaybethetrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.ImagesofCharlesBabbage,GeorgeBoole,LouisBraille,HermanHollerith,SamuelMorse,andJohnvonNeumannappearcourtesyofCorbisImagesandweremodifiedforthisbookbyJoelPanchot.TheJanuary1975coverofPopularElect
6、ronicsisreprintedbypermissionofZiff-DavisandtheZifffamily.AllotherillustrationsinthebookwereproducedbyJoelPanchot.Unlessotherwisenoted,theexamplecompanies,organizations,products,people,andeventsdepictedhereinarefictitious.Noassociationwithanyrealcompany,organization,product,person,oreventisintend
7、edorshouldbeinferred.AcquisitionsEditor:BenRyanProjectEditor:KathleenAtkinsTechnicalEditor:JimFuchsContentsPrefaceivChapterOneBestFriends3ChapterTwoCodesandCombinations9ChapterThreeBrailleandBinaryCodes15ChapterFourA