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1、ReviewChemotherapeuticinhibitorsinthetreatmentofprostatecancer†RahulRDeshmukh,SaraMSchmitt,ClaraHwang&QingPingDou†1.IntroductionWayneStateUniversity,KarmanosCancerInstitute,SchoolofMedicine,DepartmentsofOncologyandPathology,Detroit,MI,USA2.Keyplayersin
2、prostatecancer3.CurrenttreatmentoptionsIntroduction:ProstatecancerbeingthesecondleadingcauseofdeathinmeninWesterncountriesremainsamajorchallengeinhealthcare.Severalnovel4.Conclusionagentstargetingsignalingpathwaysinprostatecancerhaverecentlybeen5.Exper
3、topinionapprovedbytheUSFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)butthereisstillanunmetneedfornewtreatmentstrategiesforcastration-resistantprostatecancer(CRPC).Areascovered:Thisreviewprovidesabroadoverviewofprostatecancerther-apeuticsandhighlightskeyplayersinthebi
4、ologyofprostatecanceraswellasfirst-andsecond-linetreatmentsforCRPC.Keywords‘chemotherapeuticagents’,‘prostatecancer’,‘PhaseIIIclinicaltrials’and‘USFDAapproval’wereusedforsearchinPubMedandclinicalTrials.govdatabasesandtheobtainedliteraturewasreviewedand
5、summarized.Expertopinion:Owingtotheadvancesinscreeninganddiagnostictechni-ques,themajorityofprostatecancercasesarediagnosedatanearlystageresultinginanalmost100%5-yearsurvivalrate.RecentlyFDA-approvednovelagents(e.g.,abirateroneacetateandenzalutamide)ha
6、veprovidednewhopeinthefightagainstprostatecancer.However,CRPCremainsanincurabledis-ease.Identificationofmechanismsofresistance,newbiomarkers,appropriateclinicaltrialendpointsandnoveltreatmentsholdsthekeyforthefutureofprostatecancertherapy.Keywords:abir
7、aterone,androgendeprivationtherapy,androgenreceptorsignaling,bicalutamide,cabazitaxel,castration-resistantprostatecancer,docetaxel,enzalutamide,estramustine,flutamide,ketoconazole,megestrol,mitoxantroneExpertOpin.Pharmacother.(2014)15(1):11-221.Introdu
8、ctionProstatecancerisoneofthemostcommonmalignanciesandthesecondleadingcauseofcancer-relatedmortalityinmenintheUnitedStates[1].Circulatingandro-gensaretheprimarydriversofprostatecancergrowth;hence,followingmetastasis,patientsareinitially
