OperationsFlexibility操作灵活性

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1、OperationsFlexibilityMotivationWhatisflexibilityWhatbenefitsdoesitprovide,andhowmuchdoesitcostWhatisitsfitwithoperationsstrategyWhatareitsdimensionsHowdoyoumeasureitStrategicConsiderationsEnvironmentaluncertaintiesSystemcapabilitiesAdvancedtechnologyAdequatemanagerialresponseScheduling,routing,p

2、roduct/processdesignCompanyPostureReactive(defensive)ProactiveReactive/ProactiveStrategyOptionsAdapttouncertaintyinrealtimeCreate“rainy-day”resource-bankReduceuncertaintyImplicationsforFlexibilityStrategyPostureImplicationforFlexibilityAdaptationDefensiveRequiresflexibilityBankingDefensive/Proac

3、tiveRequiresflexibilityReductionProactiveReducesneedforflexibilityTypesofUncertaintyMarketacceptanceofkindsofproductsLengthofproductlifecyclesSpecificproductcharacteristicsAggregateproductdemandMachinedowntimeCharacteristicsofmaterialsFlexibilityDimensionsMixChangeoverModificationVolumeRerouting

4、MaterialUncertaintyandFlexibilityTypeofUncertaintyStrategicObjectiveFlexibilityDimensionMarketacceptanceofproductvarietyDiverseproductlineMixLengthofproductlifecyclesProductinnovationChangeoverSpecificproductcharacteristicsResponsivenesstocustomers'specsModificationAggregateproductdemandMarketsh

5、areVolumeMachinedowntimeCustomers'duedatesReroutingCharacteristicsofmaterialsProductqualityMaterialAdaptive/ReductionDeliveringFlexibilityMarketsORGANIZATIONALSTRUCTUREMICROPROCESSORTECHNOLOGYComponentorbasicFlexibilitiesSystemFlexibilitiesAggregateFlexibilitiesMachineMaterialHandlingOperationPr

6、ocessRoutingProductVolumeExpansionProgramProductionMeasuringFlexibilityNumberofoptionsavailableatagivenpointintimeNumberofreroutingpathsinschedulingEntropy:opportunitytoselectagivenoptionorthedegreeofrandomness(uncertainty)inasystemRangeofsomedefiningcharacteristicsofoutputsInsteadofthenumberofc

7、armodelsproducedusetherangeofwheelbasesDifferenceinexpectedprofitswithandwithoutflexibilityMostofthevalueofflexibilitycanberealizedatlowcostbecauseonlyafewoptionsarenecessaryFlexibilitypostulatesIncreasingvariety(hencemixfle