ParadigmShiftTeacherCenteredtoStudentCentered范式的转变以教师为中心向以学生为中心

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1、ParadigmShift:TeacherCenteredtoStudentCenteredParadigmShiftOld–InstructionParadigmAneducationalinstitutionexiststoprovideinstruction.New–LearningParadigmAneducationalinstitutionexiststoproducelearning.InstructionParadigmMistakesthemeansforanend–takestheme

2、ansormethod,called“instruction”or“teaching”,andmakesittheendpurpose.MostcommonteachingmethodusedisLECTUREDoesthismethodpromotestudentlearning?Thinkbackaboutyourownlearning–howdidyoulearn?Whatdoyourememberbest?TheLectureModelEconomical–Abletocoverlargeamou

3、ntsofinformationinashortperiodoftimeTeachersareintheactiveroleandstudentsareinapassive,receptiveroleStudentsarelistenersNOTlearnersWhatresearchtellsus:Mostpeopleonlyremember20%ofwhattheyhear.Thelongerthelecture,lessoftheinformationendedupinthestudents’not

4、es.EvidenceindicatesthatstudentslearnandretainmoreinformationwhentheyareactivelyinvolvedinthelearningprocessLearningParadigmUsesstudent-centered/activelearningtechniquestogetstudentsinvolvedinthelearningprocessFocusesonthestudent’sneeds,abilities,interest

5、s,andlearningstylesAcknowledgesstudentvoiceascentraltothelearningexperienceforeverylearnerRequiresstudentstobeactive,responsibleparticipantsinthelearningprocessBackgroundResearchTheoristslikeJohnDewey,JeanPiaget,andCarlRoger’swhosecollectiveworkfocusedonh

6、owstudentslearnisprimarilyresponsibleforthemovetostudent-centeredlearning.Centraltotheirideasisthatstudentsactivelyconstructtheirownlearning–knownasConstructivismConstructivismTheoryoflearningwhichsupportshumansconstructmeaningfromcurrentknowledgestructur

7、es.Learnersconstructnewknowledgefromtheirexperiences;theyincorporatethenewinformationintoanalreadyexistingframework.NOTE:ConstructivismdoesnotsuggestoneparticularpedagogyConstructivismisassociatedwithpedagogicapproachesthatpromoteactivelearning–learningby

8、doing.Whatisstudent-centered/activelearning?Anywell-structured,teacher-guided,student-centeredactivitythat“substantiallyinvolvesstudentswiththecoursecontentthroughtalkingandlistening,writing,readingandreflecting.”Le