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1、专题二 主旨大意挖命题【考情探究】考点内容五年考频统计2014天津卷2015天津卷2016天津卷2017春天津卷2017夏天津卷2018春天津卷2018夏天津卷主旨大意主要考查考生归纳概括文章内容以及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。2211231分析解读 1.归纳段落大意一定要在把握全段内容和全文中心思想的基础上进行。2.文章主旨是通过段落的大意得出的且主要由主题句来体现,识别各段落的主题句并由此归纳出文章的中心思想是解答该类题的关键。3.标题是文章中心思想的精炼表达形式。解题时要在理解全文的基础上运用概括、归纳、判断等逻辑思维方法,对文
2、章的主题和中心思想进行高度概括或提炼,从而选择出标题。纵观近五年天津高考,该题型所占比重较小,主要以归纳文章标题和概括段落或文章主旨大意的形式来考查。过专题【五年高考】A组 自主命题·天津卷题组Passage1(2018天津夏,C)词数:365There?sanewfrontierin3Dprintingthat?sbeginningtocomeintofocus:food.Recentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprint,cook,andservefoodsonamassscale.An
3、dtheindustryisn?tstoppingthere.FoodproductionWitha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat—ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito“re-createformsandpie
4、ces”offoodthatare“exactlythesame,”freeingcookstocompleteothertasks.Inanotherrestaurant,allofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printed,ratherthanfarmtotable.Sustainability(可持续性)Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto9.6billionby2050,andsomeanalystsestimatethatfoodproductionw
5、illneedtoberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.Sustainabilityisbecominganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontributetothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids(水解胶体)fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae(藻类)andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients(烹饪原料)
6、.3Dprintingcanreducefueluseandemissions.Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstock“food”thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshelfspaceandreducingtransportationandstoragerequirements.NutritionFuture3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.HodLipson,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,sai
7、d,“Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontent,likevitamins.Soinsteadofeatingapieceofyesterday?sbreadfromthesupermarket,you?deatsomethingbakedjustforyouondemand.”ChallengesDespiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallenge
8、stoovercome.Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste(糊状物)beforeaprintercanusethem,andthepr
