通过能源系统设计向低碳社会转变【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文ShifttoalowcarbonsocietythroughenergysystemsdesignMaterialSource:SpecialTopiconEngineeringThermophysicsAuthor:ToshihikoNakata,MikhailRodionow,DiegoSilva,JoniJupestaGlobalenvironmentaldegradationisoneoftheseriousthreatsfacinghumankindasaresultofitsexpandingactivitiesaroundtheworld.

2、Alongwiththedevelopmentofsociety,vastquantitiesofgreenhousegases(GHGs)havebeendischargedintotheatmosphere,namelycarbondioxide(CO2),methaneandothernon-CO2gases.EnergyactivitiesarethemainsourceofanthropogenicGHGemissionsandtheyrepresented61%oftotalglobalGHGemissionsintheyear2000[1].Approx

3、imately30%oftheanthropogenicgreenhouseeffectcanbeattributedtonon-CO2GHGs[2].Risingconcernabouttheimpactofclimatechangehasledtothedefinitionoflong-termsustainabilityofsocietylookingforwardtothereductionofGHGs.Thisinterpretationofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeentermedthe“lowcarbonsociety”(LC

4、S).Thesustainabledevelopmentconcept,introducedbytheBrundtlandCommissionin1987,refersto“developmentthatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds”.Giventherelevanceofenergytothestabilityandprogressofsociety,andthefactthatenergy-relatedact

5、ivitiesarethemajorsourceofGHGemissions,theLCSvisioncanbetranslatedintotheachievementofsustainabledevelopmentinaneconomythatislessdependentonfuelswithhigh-carboncontent.TransitiontotheLCShasimportantimplicationsontheeconomy,environmentandenergy,alsoreferredtoas3Esortrilemmaconcept.The3Es

6、conceptbringstogetherthreegoals:economicdevelopment,procurementofenergysources,andenvironmentalprotection.Elementswithinthesethreeaspectsinteractwitheachotherincomplexways.Inthiscontext,nationalgovernmentsandtheinternationalcommunityarestrengtheningtheireffortstoformulateandimplementmea

7、suresandpoliciestocurbGHGemissionsacrossseveralsectorsinshort,midandlongterms.Policymakersareconfrontedwiththeevaluationofthesepoliciesandtheirpossibleimpactsonthe3Es.Thecomplexityoftheseinteractionscanbebetterunderstoodthroughthedesignofenergysystemsandenergymodels.Themostcomm