中国船舶制造及对欧洲船舶制造的影响【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文ShipbuildinginChinaanditsimpactsonEuropeanshipbuildingindustryMaterialSource:www.iaw.uni-bremen.deAuthor:ThorstenLudwigIShipbuildinginChinaThecurrentstageofChineseshipbuildingindustryThefollowinggraphindicatesthequickriseofFarEastand–inthelastyears–especiallytheChineseshi

2、pbuildingindustry.Inthe1970sWestEuropeanshipbuildingparticipatedinthe1970´sboominaccordancewithitsglobalpositionatthattime.Intheperiodofrecessioninthe1980s,allshipbuildingregionsworldwidesufferedbyaheavydecreaseoforders.Inthewakeofthetwoglobaloilcrisisabouthalfoftheshipyardswor

3、ldwidedisappearedfromthemapandthusemploymenthadbeenhalved(Stopford2004).Butinthesucceedingrecoveryinthe1990´sandtheboomoftheglobalshipbuildingtheEuropeanyardscouldnotbenefit.TherealwinnerweretheFarEastyardsThelastfiveyears:Chinahasappearedonlyinarelativelyshorttimeonthemapofthe

4、worldshipbuildingnations.Indeed,theindustrialshipbuildinginChinahashisrootsalreadyinthe19-thcentury(cf.TheEuropeanCommunityin2004,9pp).Atthattimetheoccupyingpowersbegantobuildupshipbuildingcapacitiestobeabletosatisfytheirtransportneeds.UptothistimetheChineseshipbuildinglimitedi

5、tselfparticularlytotheconstructionofsailandfishingboats.Stilltodaysomeofthetoday'smostimportantshipyardsinChinaarelocatedonthelocationsofthesehistoricalshipyards.ThepresentdevelopmentoftheChineseshipbuildingoccursafterthesamepatternasearlierinJapanorKorea.Japanuseditsshipbuildi

6、ngindustryinthe1950sand1960storebuildtheindustrialstructuresofthecountry.AlsoKorealookedattheshipbuildingindustryasastrategiccorefortheeconomicdevelopmentofthecountryinthe1970s.Chinaisnowintheprocessofrepeatingthesepathsofdevelopment,supportedbylargegovernmentinvestmentsinthesh

7、ipbuildingindustry(Malhotra2005).Afterthe1950sallshipyardsofChinahadbeenputunderthecontroloftheMinistryofCommunication.Since1982ChinaStateShipbuildingCorporation(CSSC)isresponsiblefortheChineseshipbuildingindustry.Inthe1990stheChinesegovernmentfeltconstrainedtoinitiatestructura

8、lreformsintheshipbuildingsectoronaccountofthesizeofthe