自考英语语言学填空题

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1、21.Language,broadlyspeaking,isameansofverbal communication.22. Inanylanguagewordscanbeusedinnewwaystomeannewthingsandcanbecombinedintoinnumerablesentencesbasedonlimitedrules.Thisfeatureisusuallytermedproductivity/creativity.23.Languagehasmanyfunctions.

2、Wecanuselanguagetotalkaboutitself.Thisfunctionis_metalingualfunction_.24.Theorythatprimitivemanmadeinvoluntaryvocalnoiseswhileperformingheavyworkhasbeencalledtheyo-he-hotheory.25.Linguisticsisthescientificstudyoflanguage.26. Modernlinguisticsisdescript

3、iveinthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.27.Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyofspeechoverwriting.28. Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisadiachroniclinguisticst

4、udy.29.Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts.Langue referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.30. LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure’slangueandChomsky’scompetence.21.Consonantsoundscanbeeithervoicedorvoiceless,whileal

5、lvowelsoundsarevoiced.22. Consonantsoundscanalsobemadewhentwoorgansofspeechinthemoutharebroughtclosetogethersothattheairispushedoutbetweenthem,causingfriction.23.Thequalitiesofvowelsdependuponthepositionofthetongue andthelips.24. Oneelementinthedescrip

6、tionofvowelsisthepartofthetonguewhichisatthehighestpointinthemouth.Asecondelementistheheighttowhichthatpartofthetongueisraised.25. Consonantsdifferfromvowelsinthatthelatterareproducedwithoutobstruction.26.Inphonologicalanalysisthewordsfail/veilaredisti

7、nguishablesimplybecauseofthetwophonemes/f/-/v/.Thisisanexampleforillustratingminimalpairs.27. InEnglishthereareanumberofdiphthongs,whichareproducedbymovingfromonevowelpositiontoanotherthroughinterveningpositions.28. Co-articulationreferstothephenomenon

8、ofsoundscontinuallyshowtheinfluenceoftheirneighbors.29.Phonemesisthesmallestlinguisticunit.30.Speechtakesplacewhentheorgansofspeechmovetoproducepatternsofsound.Thesemovementshaveaneffectontheairstreamcomingfromthelungs.21. Aninitialismi