2008-2013历年专八真题部分

《2008-2013历年专八真题部分》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2013)GRADEEIGHTTIMELIMIT：195MINPARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN)Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO．TEXTAThreehundredyearsagon

2、ewstravelledbywordofmouthor1etter,andcirculatedintavernsandcoffeehousesintheformofpamphletsandnewsletters．“Thecoffeehousesparticularlyare．veryroomyforafreeconversation，andforreadingataneasierrateallmannerofprintednews，”notedoneobserver．Everythingchangedin1833whenthe

3、firstmass-audiencenewspaper,TheNewYorkSun，pioneeredtheuseofadvertisingtoreducethecostofnews，thusgivingadvertisersaccesstoawideraudience．Thepennypress，followedbyradioandtelevision，turnednewsfromatwo-wayconversationintoaone—waybroadcast，witharelativelysmallnumberoffir

4、mscontrollingthemedia．Now,thenewsindustryisreturningtosomethingclosertothecoffeehouse．Theinternetismakingnewsmoreparticipatory，socialanddiverse，revivingthediscursivecharacteristicsof"theerabeforethemassmedia．Thatwillhaveprofoundeffectsonsocietyandpolitics．Inmuchofth

5、eworld．themassmediaareflourishing．Newspapercirculationrosegloballyby6%between2005and2009．Butthoseglobalfiguresmaskasharpdeclineinreadershipinrichcountries．Overthepastdecade，throughouttheWesternworld，peoplehavebeengivingupnewspapersandTVnewsandkeepingupwitheventsinpr

6、ofoundlydifferentways．Moststrikingly,ordinarypeopleareincreasinglyinvolvedincompiling，sharing，filtering，discussinganddistributingnews．Twitterletspeopleanywherereportwhattheyareseeing．Classifieddocumentsarepublishedintheirthousandsonline．Mobile·phonefootageofArabupri

7、singsandAmericantornadoesispostedonsocial-networkingsitesandshownontelevisionnewscasts．Social-networkingsiteshelppeoplefind，discussandsharenewswiththeirfriends．Anditisnotjustreaderswhoarechallengingthemediaelite．TechnologyfirmsincludingGoogle，FacebookandTwitterhaveb

8、ecomeimportantconduitsofnews．Celebritiesandworldleaderspublishupdatesdirectlyviasocialnetworks；manycountriesnowmakerawdataavailablethrough