定语从句讲析(二)石小萍.doc

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1、定语从句讲析（二）学生版一、关系副词1.when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，修饰表示时间的先行词time/moment/day/season/year等。Istillremembertheday.OnthedayIfirstcametoBeijing.→IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.We’llneverforgettheyear.Intheyearwewereborn.→We’llneverforgettheyear________wewereborn..2.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，修饰表示地

2、点的先行词place/house/city/country/world等。Thisisthehouse.Welivedinthehouselastyear.→Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactoryisinthewestofthecity.Hisfatherworksinthefactory.→Thefactory________hisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.3.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词只有reason一个词。Thesearethereasonswhywedoit

3、.这些就是我们做这事的理由。Idon’tknowthereason_______helooksunhappytoday.我不知道他今天为什么看上去不愉快。注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。例如：I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.→I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedthearmy.我永远不会忘记我参军的那一天。KentuckyisthestatewhereLincolnwasborn.→Kentuckyisthestate______________

4、Lincolnwasborn.肯德基州是林肯的出生地。Thereasonwhyherefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.→Thereason_______________herefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.他拒绝接受邀请的原因是十分明了的。归纳：关系副词被代替的先行词在从句中的作用When(=at/on/in/during/+which)表示时间的名词时间状语Where(=in/at+which)表示地点、场合等的名词地点状语Why(=for+which)reason原因状语二、介词+关系代词（介词+which

5、与介词+whom）先行词在从句中做介词宾语，介词有两种位置:一是紧跟在先行词后；二是位于句尾或动词后。介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择。方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义,结合生活实际来判断。(1)TheEnglishplay___________mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.答案是inwhich。在定语从句谓语动词acted与先行词theEnglishplay之间，显然要加上in才讲得通,actintheEnglishplay.(2)Ame

6、ricanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.答案是with/towhom。在定语从句的谓语动词talk与先行词someone之间，需要加上to或with，才讲得通，即：talkwith/tosb.(和某人交谈)。(3)Luckily,we’dbroughtaroadmapwithout_____wewouldhavelostourway.A.it      B.that     C.this     D.which(4)Thegentleman______youto

7、ldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.who      B.aboutwhom C.whom     D.withwhom(5)Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.that   B.who   C.fromwhom  D.towhom注意：①介词可放在定语从句后面，这时，可用关系代词who或者that，在限制性定语从句中还可省略关系代词。请比较：SheisthewomantowhomIgavethemon