英国历史简介英文版.ppt

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1、Chapter8HistoryofBritainThebeginningofBritain•TheEarlysettlers(…-55B.C.)•RomanBritain(55B.C.-410A.D.)•Anglo-SaxonBritain(410-871)•VikingBritain(871-1042)•NormanConquest(1066)TheEarlySettlers(…-55B.C.)8,000yearsagoGreatBritainbecameanislandNativesofBritainIberians(3000BC

2、-2000BC)ThefirstsettlersofBritainfromtheMediterraneanareaStonehengeinSouthwestEnglandBuiltbetween3000BCand1000BCThemostfamousprehistoricmonumentandtouristattractionTheCeltsbegantoarriveBritainabout700BC.tallandgolden-hairedfromCentralEuropefarmerswarlikepeopleRomanBrita

3、in(55B.C.-410)BritishrecordedhistorybeginswiththeRomaninvasion.Fornearly400years,BritainwasundertheRomanoccupation,thoughitwasneveratotaloccupation.RomanInvasionInvasionTimeInvaders155and54B.CRomanGeneralJuliusCaesar243A.D.RomanEmperorClaudiusRomanCivilization•Themonth―

4、“July”isnamedafterJuliusCaesarhimself.ChristianitytoBritain•Extraordinaryachievementinbuildingroads–“AllRoadsLeadtoRome”•Hadrian'sWall–England’sgreatwall–2000yearsagoRomaninfluenceonBritainwaslimited.First,theRomansalwaystreatedtheBritonsasasubjectpeopleofslaveclass.Sec

5、ond,neverduringthe4centuriesdidtheRomansandBritonsintermarry.Third,theRomanshadnoimpactonthelanguageorcultureofordinaryBritons.Anglo-SaxonBritain(410-871)BasisofModernEnglishrace:theAnglo-SaxonsTheAngle,Saxon,andJutetribesinvadedin5thand6thcenturiesTheAnglo-Saxonsleftth

6、eirhomeinnorthernGermanyandDenmark.TheHeptarchy:sevenprincipalkingdomsofKent,Essex,Sussex,Wessex,EastAnglia,MerciaandNorthumbriacontendedforhegemonySt.Augustin•ThefirstArchbishopofCanterburyin601•HebuilttheCanterburyCathedral.•HeintroducedChristianitytoEngland.•Thefound

7、eroftheEnglishchurchKingArthurThebest-knownEnglishlegendThe5thcenturyStoryKingArthurunitedtheBritish?Hisfamous―roundtable"knights?DrovetheSaxonsbackwithhismagicalsword?AheroofBritish,wholeadsthedefenseagainsttheAnglo-Saxoninvadersintheearly6thcenturyViking(871-1042)•Inv

8、asiontime–Inthelate8thcentury•FromDenmark–Norsemen,“peoplefromtheNorth”•From1017to1041–EnglandwasruledbyDanish