英语国家社会与文化入门---美国经济.ppt

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1、www.themegallery.comwww.themegallery.comAmericanEconomywww.themegallery.comIndustrialRevolutionContentsIntroductionofthefactorysystem“Americansystem”ofmassproductionTheapplicationofnewtechnologiestoIndustrialtasksEmergenceofnewformsofbusinessorganizationFourdevelopmentsOverviewInvention

2、schartEventsinventionsImportantpeopleSamuelSlaterEliWhitneySewingmachines,thetelegraph,railroads,telephone…..inthe19thcentury,greatimportancetotheeconomicfutureoftheUnitedStates.OverviewofinventionsandinventorsCottonandCloth,InterchangeableParts,FromAgriculturetoCities…..Americanindustr

3、ialrevolution(1)transportationwasexpanded(2)electricitywaseffectivelyharnessedTheIndustrialRevolutionthatoccurredinthe19thcenturywasofgreatimportancetotheeconomicfutureoftheUnitedStates.ThreeindustrialdevelopmentsledthewaytoIndustrializationinAmerica:(3)improvementsweremadetoindustrialp

4、rocesses.SamuelSlateranearlyAmericanindustrialistthe"FatheroftheAmericanFactorySystem"broughtBritishtextiletechnologytoAmericaSamuelSlater(1768–1835)popularlycalled"TheFatheroftheAmericanIndustrialrevolutionSlaterMillEliWhitneyNationalityAmericanBirthdateDecember8,1765BirthplaceWestboro

5、ugh,MassachusettsDateofdeathJanuary8,1825(aged59)EducationYaleCollegeChildren4WorkSignificantprojectsInterchangeableparts,cottonginSignatureCareerinventionsInterchangeablepartsCottonginMillingmachineCottonGinPatent.Itshowssawtoothginblades,whichwerenotpartofWhitney'soriginalpatentImprov

6、ementsonamusketlock.DrawingbyEliWhitney,1816CottonandClothIn1794,EliWhitneyinventedthecottonginwhichmadetheseparationofcottonseedsfromfibermuchfaster.TheSouthincreaseditscottonsupplysendingrawcottonnorthtobeusedinthemanufactureofcloth.FrancisC.Lowellincreasedtheefficiencyinthemanufactur

7、eofclothbybringingspinningandweavingprocessestogetherintoonefactory.ThisledtothedevelopmentofthetextileindustrythroughoutNewEngland.In1846,EliasHowecreatedthesewingmachinewhichrevolutionizedthemanufactureofclothing.Allofasudden,clothingbegantobemadeinfactoriesasopposedtoathome.