全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语.doc

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1、2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试JSectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblandandmark[A]，[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)In1924American"NationalResearchCouncilsenttoengineertosuperviseaseriesofexperimentsatat

2、elephonepartsfactorycalledtheHawthornePlantnearChicago.Ithopedtheywouldlearnhowstop-floorlighting]workersproductivity.Indeed,thestudiesended2givingtheirnametothe"Hawthorneeffect"theextremelyinfluentialideathevery3tobeingexperimenteduponchangedsubject

3、'sbehavior.Theideaarosebecauseofthe4behaviorofthewomenintheplant.Accordingto5oftheexperimentstheirhourlyoutputrosewhenlightingwasincreased,butalsowhenitwasdimmed.Itdidnot_6whatwasdoneintheexperiment;7somethingwaschanged,productivityrose.A(n)8thatthey

4、werebeingexperimenteduponseemedtobe9toalterworkersbehavior10itselfAfterseveraldecades,thesamedatawere11toeconometrictheanalysis.Hawthorneexperimentshasanothersurprisestore12thedescriptionsonrecord,nosystematic13wasfoundthatlevelsofproductivitywererel

5、atedtochangesinlighting.Itturnsoutthatpeculiarwayofconductingtheexperimentsmaybehaveletto14interpretationofwhathappened15.lightingwasalwayschangedonaSunday.WhenworkstartedagainonMonday,output16rosecomparedwiththepreviousSaturdayand17toriseforthenextc

6、oupleofdays_18_,acomparisonwithdataforweekswhentherewasnoexperimentationshowedthatoutputalwayswentuponMonday,workers19tobediligentforthefirstfewdaysoftheweekinanycase,before20aplateauandthenslackeningoff.Thissuggeststhatthealleged"Hawthorneeffect"ish

7、ardtopindown.l.[A]affected[B]achieved2.[A1at[B]up3.[A]truth[B]sight4.[A]controversial[B]perplexing5.[A]requirementsIB]explanations6.[A]conclude[B]matter7.[A]asfaras[B]forfearthat8.[A]awareness[B]expectation9.[A]suitable[B]excessive10.[A]aboutIB]forH-

8、[A]compared[B]shown12.[A]contraryto[B]consistentwithI3.[A]evidence[B]guidance14.[A]disputable[B]enlightening15.[A]IncontrastIB]Forexample16.[A]duty[B]accidentally17.[A]failed[B]ceased18.[A][B]I9.[A][B]20.[A]breakingIB]climbing[C]extracted[C]with[C]ac