饭店业发展与创业管理.doc

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1、第一部分：饭店业发展与创业管理第一章国际饭店业历史与发展（TheHistoryofHospitalityIndustry）1.TheDefinitionofHospitalityThewordhospitalityhasancientroots,datingfromtheearliestdaysofRomancivilization．ItisderivedfromtheLatinverbhospitare,meaning“toreceiveasaguest．”SeveralrelatedwordscomefromthesameLatinroot,includingho

2、spital,hospice，andhostel．Ineachofthese，theprincipalmeaningfocusesonahostwhoreceives，welcomes，andcaterstotheneedsofpeopletemporarilyawayfromtheirhomes．Thephrase“toreceiveasaguest”impliesahostpreparedtomeetaguest’sbasicrequirements．Therequirementsofaguestare，traditionally,food,beverages,a

3、ndlodgingorshelter.Additionally,manyhostsprovidesomeformofentertainment．However,entertainmenthasbecomealargeseparateindustrythatincludesmajorundertakingssuchasthemeparks,majormusicalandsportsperformances，fairsandfestivals,andparades.Becauseentertainmentisprimarilyassociatedwithtraveland

4、tourismandisnotanecessaryingredienttosatisfyatraveler'sbasicneeds，wetreatitaspartoftravelandtourismratherthanfood，beverage，andlodging—thebasicdementsofhospitality．Theoriginofhospitalityisthecordialandgenerousreceptionandentertainmentofguests,eithersociallyorcommercially.2.TheBasicoftheI

5、ndustryThetraditionalviewtakesustotheheartofthehospitalityindustry．IfthewordHospitalityreferstotheactofprovidingfood，beverages，andlodgingtotravelers，thenthehospitalityindustryconsistsofbusinessesthatdothis．Thisbringsuptwoimportantdistinctionsbetweenthehospitalityindustryandotherservicee

6、nterprises：1．Thehospitalityindustryprovidesfood，beverages，lodging，orsomecombinationofthethreethatotherbusinessesprovideonlyonthemostincidentalbasis．2．Thehospitalityindustryprovidesservicesprimarilytotravelers，inabroadsenseoftheterm．Bycontrast，otherservicebusinessesdealprimarilywithcusto

7、merswhoarelocalresidentsandwhoareathomeratherthanintheprocessoftraveling．Ourdefinitionalsodistinguishesthehospitalityindustryfromtheproductsandgovernmentsectorsofoureconomy．Manufacturersandproducersofproductsdonotnormallysellservices．Instead，theymakeorproduceproductsthataresold