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1、TheAttributiveClause(定语从句）（一）定义：在复合句中，形容词性的从句，修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词引导定语从句的词叫关联代词或关联副词Maryisabeautifulgirl.形容词作定语Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行词关联词，引导词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which
2、,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when，why结构：先行词+关系词+句子定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例）eg：ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.=Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.=（二）关系代词与关系副词普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.代替sister普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.关系代词
3、：（如上例who/which）1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）选择关系代词的三步骤：1.找出整个句子的主谓宾主干2.找出先行词确定先行词在从句中的成份3.确定关系代词的人称与数，及定语从句的时态指人：who(主/宾格)thatwhom(宾格)whose指物：thatwhich指人或物:thatwhose1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisawor
4、ker.3.Thehouseisverybeautiful.Theyliveinthehouse.Thehousethattheyliveinisverybeautiful.关系代词1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.关系代词3.wh
5、ose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibr
6、ary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?————关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。Where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.When:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。How:在从句中作方式状语,指代方式。Why:在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。1.Thehotelwasn’tclean.+Westayedatthehotel.Thehotelwherewestayedwasn’tclean.Thehotelatw
7、hichwestayedwasn’tclean.Thehotel(which)westayedatwasn’tclean.2.I’llneverforgettheday.IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.=I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.3.IhaveexplainedthereasonwhyIwaslate.最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.注:1)定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。Thewomanwh
8、o/thatspokeatthemee
