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1、IfAissuccessinlife,thenAequalsXplusYplusZ.WorkisX,YisplayandZiskeepingyourmouthshut.---AlbertEinsteinChapter5 OperationalAmplifiers5.1Introduction5.2OperationalAmplifiers5.3IdealOpAmp5.4InvertingAmplifier5.5NoninvertingAmplifier5.6SummingAmplifier5.7DifferenceAmplifier5.8CascadedOpAmpC
2、ircuits5.1IntroductionOperationalAmplifier(OpAmp运算放大器):activecircuitelement(有源电路元件)electronicunitthatbehaveslikeavoltage-controlledvoltagesourcealsovoltageorcurrent-controlledcurrentsourceFunction:mathematicaloperations(数学运算)(sum加,amplify乘,integrate积分,differentiate微分)Advantages:versati
3、le,inexpensive,easytouse,funtoworkwithUsages:inverter逆变器,voltagefollower电压跟随器,summer加法器,differenceamplifier差分放大器5.2OperationalAmplifiersOpAmpanactivecircuitelement有源电路元件designedtoperformmathematicaloperationsofaddition加,subtraction减,multiplication乘,division除,differentiation微分,andintegr
4、ation积分.anelectronicdevice电子设备consistingofacomplexarrangementofresistors,transistors,capacitors,anddiodes二极管.acircuitbuildingblock电路组件availableinintegratedcircuitpackages集成电路块inseveralforms.Typicalopamppackage:(a)pinconfiguration指针配置(b)circuitsymbol电路符号Poweredopamp:Equivalentcircuitmod
5、el:WhereA:open-loopvoltagegain开环电压增益Ri:inputresistanceR0:outputresistanceTypicalrangesforopampparameters:ParameterTypicalrangeIdealvaluesOpen-loopgain,A105to108Inputresistance,Ri106to1013Outputresistance,R010to100Supplyvoltage,Vcc5to24VFeedback:Anegativefeedbackisachievedwhentheoutputi
6、sfedbacktotheinvertingterminaloftheopamp.Closed-loopgain:theratiooftheoutputvoltagetotheinputvoltageswhenthereisafeedbackpathfromoutputtoinputOpamparegenerallyusedincircuitswithfeedbackpathsThreemodesofopampoperationregion:Positivesaturation正饱和,v0=VccLinearregion,-Vcc≤v0=Avd≤VccNegativ
7、esaturation负饱和,v0=-VccExample1TheequivalentcircuitFindtheclosed-loopgainv0/vs;Determinecurrentiwhenvs=2VSolution:Atnode1:Atnode0:Butvd=-v1,andA=2×105,ThenAssignmentReadsection5.1and5.2inpages166-168TranslateEnhancingyourcareerinpage165Vocabularymeasurement测量paramount极为重要的proliferate激
