2、定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I help
3、ed an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。但直接介词后只用whom,不可省略。 The man (
4、 whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.Themantowhomyoutalkedjustnowismyoldfriend.（whom不可省略）3．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。或在非限制定语从句中代替整个主句。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. Hefailedtheexamagain,whichmadehisfather
5、angry.4．that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. Where is the man (that / whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia.
6、 5．whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：Weliveinahouse,__________windowsfacethesea.Weliveinahouse,___________thewindowsfacethes
7、ea.Weliveinahouse,thewindows__________facetheseaWeliveinabeautifulhouse,andthewindows_________facetheseaDo you like the book whose cover is yellow?=_____________________=_________________（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The school (which / that) he once stud
