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1、weekendingPRL107,265002(2011)PHYSICALREVIEWLETTERS23DECEMBER2011LaserShapingofaRelativisticIntense,ShortGaussianPulsebyaPlasmaLensH.Y.Wang,1C.Lin,1,*Z.M.Sheng,2B.Liu,1S.Zhao,1Z.Y.Guo,1Y.R.Lu,1X.T.He,1J.E.Chen,1andX.Q.Yan1,1StateKeyLaboratoryofNuclearPhysicsandT
2、echnology,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China,andKeyLabofHighEnergyDensityPhysicsSimulation,CAPT,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China2KeyLaboratoryforLaserPlasmas(MoE)andDepartmentofPhysics,ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,Shanghai200240,ChinaandBeijingNationalLabor
3、atoryofCondensedMatterPhysics,InstituteofPhysics,CAS,Beijing100190,China(Received17September2011;published22December2011)By3Dparticle-in-cellsimulationandanalysis,weproposeaplasmalenstomakehighintensity,highcontrastlaserpulseswithasteepfront.Whenanintense,short
4、Gaussianlaserpulseofcircularpolarizationpropagatesinnear-criticalplasma,itdrivesstrongcurrentsofrelativisticelectronswhichmagnetizetheplasma.Threepulseshapingeffectsaresynchronouslyobservedwhenthelaserpassesthroughtheplasmalens.Thelaserintensityisincreasedbymor
5、ethan1orderofmagnitudewhiletheinitialGaussianprofileundergoesself-modulationlongitudinallyanddevelopsasteepfront.Meanwhile,anonrelativisticprepulsecanbeabsorbedbytheovercriticalplasmalens,whichcanimprovethelasercontrastwithoutaffectinglasershapingofthemainpulse.
6、Iftheplasmaskinlengthisproperlychosenandkeptfixed,theplasmalenscanbeusedforvariedlaserintensityabove1019W=cm2.DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.265002PACSnumbers:52.38.Kd,41.75.Jv,52.35.Mw,52.59.fTherecentdevelopmentofultrashort-pulsehighpeak[22].TheRSFofalinearlypol
7、arizedlaserbeaminapowerlasersystemsenablesustoinvestigatehighfieldnear-criticalplasmahasbeeninvestigatedbyPukhovandscienceunderextremeconditions[1],whichopenednewMeyer-ter-Vehn,whichshowsthatthemagneticinteractionandactiveresearchfieldssuchasfastignitionofinertia
8、lplaysanimportantroleduringRSFinthe3Dsimulationsconfinementfusion[2],laboratoryastrophysics[3],and[23].Fornear-criticalplasma,theRamaninstabilitythatdevelopmentofacompactsour
