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1、中国农业气象(ChineseJournalofAgrometeorology)2009,30(1):102-108*洪水灾害卫星遥感监测与评估研究综述1,22**1李香颜,陈怀亮,李有(1河南农业大学,郑州450002;2河南省气象科学研究所,郑州450003)摘要:洪水灾害是当今世界上最严重的自然灾害之一,对其进行科学有效的监测和评估是科学防灾减灾的基础,也是目前国内外学者研究的热点和难点问题。本文简要介绍了卫星遥感监测洪水的原理,着重对基于LandsatTM与ETM+、SPOT、EOS/MODIS、NOAA/AVHRR等卫星遥感资料的洪水水体提取技
2、术、淹没面积与淹没水深的计算方法以及洪水灾情的影响评估等几个方面的研究进展进行了综述。认为:目前洪水水体的遥感提取技术比较成熟;基于GIS的洪水面积计算也相对较为成熟;洪水淹没水深的获取难度较大、技术尚有待改进;洪水灾情影响评估技术发展较快,但定量评估方法、模型及评估的准确度、时效性都需要进一步提高。在此基础上提出:微波遥感、人工神经网络、GIS技术等在洪水灾害卫星遥感监测与评估应用中具有广阔前景,特别是在洪水灾害评估中应大量应用遥感信息。关键词:洪水;卫星遥感;监测与评估;综述AReviewonMonitoringandAssessmentofFloodDisa
3、sterbySatelliteRemoteSensing1,221LIXiangyan,CHENHuailiang,LIYou(1.HenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou450002,China;2.HenanInstituteofMeteorologicalSciences,Zhengzhou450003)Abstract:Nowadays,floodisoneofthemostseriousnaturaldisastersintheworld.Itsscientificandeffectivemonitoringand
4、assessmentprovidedthefoundationforthefloodpreventionandmitigation.Thebasictheoryofthefloodmonitoringbysatelliteremotesensingwasbrieflyintroduced.Theresearchprogressontechniquesofthefloodwaterextraction,thecalculationofthefloodedareaandthedepthofthefloodwater,andtheimpactassessmentof
5、flooddisasterswassummarized,basedonsatellitedata,suchasLandsatTMandETM+,SPOT,EOS/MODISandNOAA/AVHRRetc.Itwasconcludedthattheremotesensingtechnologyforthefloodwaterextractionwasmatured.ThecalculationoffloodareabasedonGISwasrelativelymatured.Thefloodwaterdepthwasstilldifficulttoobtainan
6、dthecorrespondingtechnologywasneededtobeimprovedfurther.Theimpactassessmenttechnologywasdevelopingquickly,whilethemethods,modelsandtheaccuracyofthequantitativeassessmentwereneededtobestudiedfurther.Basedonthoseconclusions,themicrowaveremotesensing,artificialneuralnetworks,GIScouldbewi
7、delyappliedintheflooddisastersatelliteremotesensingmonitoring,especiallytheremotesensingdatacouldbeextensivelyutilizedintheassessmentprocess.Keywords:Flood;Satelliteremotesensing;Monitoringandassessmen;tReview[2]洪水灾害是指降水造成的河水冲垮堤坝、淹没耕度和欧洲各国的洪水灾害也较严重。洪水按其成地、冲毁房屋或突发的山洪冲毁耕地、冲走人畜等现因和地理
8、位置的不同
