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1、RawlsandKant:OnthePrimacyofthePracticalChristineM.KorsgaardHarvardUniversityOurtasktodayistotalkaboutRawls’sinfluenceonKantscholarship.Influenceofthiskindcanbeeithermethodological-aninfluenceonthewayweapproachthesubject-orsubstantive-aninfluenceonthewayweinterpretth
2、econtentoftheview.SinceIbelievethatRawlshasinfluencedKantscholarshipinbothoftheseways,Ishallhavesomethingtosayabouteach.Buthavingsaidthat,letmeaddadisclaimer:thesetwokindsofinfluencearelesseasytodistinguishthanonemightthink,especiallyontheconceptionofthesubjectwhich
3、Iamabouttodescribe.Letmestartwiththemethodologicalpoint.InRawls’sclasseshisstudentswereexposedtoanattitudetowardsthehistoryofphilosophy,andespeciallythegreatfiguresofthephilosophicaltradition,thatIknowIwasnotaloneinfindingexhilarating.Icanbestcharacterizethisattitud
4、ebycontrastingitwithanother.Itisstillcommoninsomecirclestomakearatherstrictseparationbetween“doingphilosophy”and“doingthehistoryofphilosophy.”Accordingtotheviewthatthesetwoactivitiesareclearlydistinct,whichIwilcall“thestrictseparationview,”whenyoustudyagreatphilosop
5、herhistorically,youraimistoreconstructthephilosopher’spositionasexactlyaspossible,or,ifitdevelopedandchangedovertime,tochartthesechangesasaccuratelyasyoucan.Theenterpriseisconceivedasascholarlyone,and,inacertainway,thephilosopher’sviewisconceivedashavingfrozenorsoli
6、difiedonthedaywhenhedied,and,tothatextent,ashavingdiedwithhimBythatImeanthatadeadphilosopher’sviewsaretreatedasatheory,acertainbodyofdoctrineorganizedinalogicalway,withsomeofthedoctrinesderivedfromordependentuponothers,andtensionsandinconsistenciesnotednowonlyasblem
7、ishesinthefinalproduct.Itispossibleinsteadtoseeadeadphilosopher’sviews,asIthinkwedoseealivingone’s,assomethingmorelikeaprojectorevenamethod,awayofapproachingtheapparentlyintractablequestionsofthesubject.Doctrinesareofcourseinvolvedinaprojectoramethod,butamethodisnot
8、merelyasetofdoctrines.WhatIhaveinmindhereisnotsimplythatthephilosopher’sdoctrinesmightbeappliedtotheproblems,aswhenonetriestoworkoutwhethe
