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1、语法填空解题归纳掌握句子的基本结构首先,我们必须熟练掌握简单句的基本句型结构:(1)主语+谓语(+宾语+宾补)(2)主语+系动词+表语其次,我们要充分了解充当各个句子成分的典型词类:(1)充当主语或宾语的典型词类是名词或代词。此外,还有动名词、不定式短语等。(2)充当谓语的一定是动词。(3)充当补语或表语的典型词类是形容词。(4)在名词前作定语的典型词类是形容词或形容词性物主代词。(5)作状语的典型词类是副词。没有提示词:通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。一个空格只能填一个单词。有提示词:通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、最
2、高级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填多个单词没有提示词一、填冠词(a/an/the)名词/名词短语前没有限定词1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilled[40]____goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas[35]___shy,nervousperfectionist.Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroug
3、hadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater._____waterwassweet.二、填代词(it,one,that,another,other,none,I,we,his等人称)作主语用主格,作宾语用宾格,注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。6指示代词(it和this),不定代词,反身代词等1.Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike____?”2.Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynas
4、ty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelp______ricecropgrowupquickly.3.Raiseyourlegandlet____stayintheairforseconds.三、填介词in,on,at,with,as(作为),before,after,by,from,through,to,for等•注意搭配问题•与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等•与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…2.Whe
5、nItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.3.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_________sale.4.Hewasverytired_______________doingthisforawholeday…四、连词或从句引导词(1)连接两个功能对等的单词,短语或句子时,用and,but,or,---(2)if,unless,befor
6、e,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,when等构成含状语从句的复合句.(3)用who,which,that,when,where,why等构成含定语从句的复合句。(有时往往不给任何提示的空就是填连词或关系词的,但也须结合句子结构来分析。)(4)用that,if/whether(ornot是否),wh-等构成含名词性从句的复合句。1.Hewasverytiredfrom/afterdoingthisforawholeday,____hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“g
7、row”higher.2.Oncetherelivedarichman______wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.63.Graduallyfourtreasuresaretakenintoconsiderationwhenpeoplejudge________apersoniselegantornot.有提示词一、提示词动词(1)句中没有谓语,或已有谓语,但所填词与他是并列关系,填的词则是谓语动词。时态语态考虑要瞻前顾后.1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______(
8、tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedho