倒金字塔结构的新闻文体特点.doc

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1、为了说明“倒金字塔结构”的新闻文体特点，现举美联社2001年1月22日的一篇报道为例：NOVEMBER22，19：43EST，200128KilledinColombiaLandslideByJUANPABLOTOROAssociatedPressWriterFILADELFIAColombia（AP）①—Rain-softenedwallsofacondemnedstripminecrasheddownonscoresofgoldminersinwesternColombiaThursdayKillingatleast28andleaving4

2、0othersmissing，authoritiessaid．第二段增加了新的新闻事实：金矿坍塌的遇难者是贫民，虽然政府告说由于侵蚀使采矿危险，但他们置若罔闻；金矿的坍塌可能是由于非法的开采以及近日的大雨造成的。这一段支持并扩展了导语。②Thevictimsweresaidtobepoorpeoplewhoignoredgovernmentwarningsthaterosionhadthemineunsafe.Itappearedboththeillegaldiggingandrecentheavyrainsweretoblamefortheac

3、cident．第四、五、七、八段讲述了来自红十字、民防组织以及各方救护人员的救援进展情况。第六段也是对导语的进一步扩展：官方宣布事故中有28人死亡，至少40人失踪；有32名矿工受伤被送往医院。③Survivorssaidtwoseparatemudslidesoccurredatthesitein第三段是背景材料。利用事故的生还者的所见所闻讲述当时的情景：共发生了两次塌方，第二次的塌方将赶去救援的矿工也吞没。Filadelfia，asmalltown120mileswestofBogotá．Thesecondavalancheburiedmine

4、rswhoweretryingtorescuefriendswhohadbeenengulfedinthefirstavalanche．④Rescuersshoveledfuriouslyforhoursinhopesoffindingsom-ebodyalive，butonlyrecoveredbodies．⑤AsnightfellThursday，nationaldisasterchiefEduardoJoseGonzalezsaidhopesoffindinganyonealivewanedascrewspreparedtosuspendo

5、perations．ThesearchwastoresumeFriday．⑥Gonzalezsaid28bodieshadbeenrecovered，andatleast40peopleweremissing．Thirty-twominerswerereportedinjuredandtakentohospitals.Hundredsofpeoplehadgatheredatthescene，manyofthemanguishedandweepingrelatives．⑦EmergencycrewsfromtheRedCrossandtheciv

6、ildefenseforceswereusingheavymachinerytoremovethethickmudspreadoverthesite．⑧Complicatingtherecoveryeffort，hugepoolsofwaterhadseepedintothesitefromariverrunninguptothehillside—usedbytheminerstorinsegoldparticlesfromdirt．第九、十、十一和第十二段也是背景材料，利用目击者的所见所闻进一步描述了金矿坍塌时的情景。⑨Survivorssai

7、dtheearthcrasheddownwithoutwarningonagroupofabout200peopletryingtoscrapegoldfromthewell-wornhill-side．Theworkersweretoilingwithshovelsandpicksinsideadeepholetheyhadcarvedintothehill.10.Thecavernhadnostructuralsupports．Manyworkersmanagedtoscrambleoutofthewayorcrawloutfrombenea

8、ththemud.Otherswerenotsolucky．11.“Weheardaveryloudsoundandthehillsud