资源描述：
《2018高考英语语法考点归纳总结非谓语动词素材.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、高考英语语法：非谓语动词非谓语动词是指不充当谓语的动词形式,主要有:动词不定式,分词(现在分词和过去分词),动名词.有关非谓语动词的概述参看语法框架中非谓语动词部分动词不定式一.形式:动词不定式的一般式是todo,另外还有一些变化形式如下表:主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoing二.动词不定式在句中的作用:作主语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语1.作主语:①.不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数a.Tosmokeisabadhabit.b.Tokn
2、owisonething;todoisanother.②.不定式做主语时,通常将不定式后移,而在其位置上用形式主语ita.ItispolitetowritetoyourhostandsayThankyou.b.ItisthecustominFrancetoshakehandsalot.2.作宾语:①.不定式通常作动词的宾语,也能作少数介词的宾语a.Wewanttolearnsomebodylanguage.b.Idon’tknowwhattodonext.②.在but(除了)/except(除了)等少数介词的后面,可以用带to的不定式作宾语,但如果but/exc
3、ept前有实义动词do的某个形式时,则but/except后的不定式省略toa.Ihadnochoicebuttoworkhard.b.Thereisnothinglefttodobutliedownandsleep.3.作宾补:①.跟不定式作宾补的动词常见的有:advise,allow,ask,beg,encourage,get,force,invite,expect,order,permit,persuade,require,want,warn,teach,wish等a.Bodylanguagehelpsyoutocommunicatewithforeign
4、ers.b.Wouldyoulikemetohelpyou?c.Doyouwantmetofindoutthephonenumber?②.有些及物动词(主要是感官动词和使役动词)后用不定式作宾补时,不定式的符号to要省略,这类及物动词如:let,make,see,hear,watch,notice,feel,watch,have等.变成被动语态时,省略的to要加出a.Iheardhimgodownstairsveryearlythatmorning.b.Theworkersweremadetoworklonghoursbytheboss.4.作表语a.Ourwo
5、rkistocleanthewindows.b.Myadviceisnottodrinkanymore.5.作定语:4①.不定式作定语时要后置a.Children,Ihavesomethingtotellyou.b.Iamverybusy;Ihavesomeletterstowrite.②.动词不定式作定语时,其中的动词与被修饰词在逻辑上有主谓关系,动宾关系或同位关系.如果是动宾关系,则要求不定式动词是及物的,否则,要在不定式动词后加上适当的介词a.Heisalwaysthefirstonetogetup.b.Everymorningshewouldbringh
6、imthepaperstoread.c.Therooffellbeforehehadtimetodashintotheroomtosavehisbaby.6.作状语:①.不定式作状语时多表示目的,原因,结果等a.Hegotupveryearlytocatchthefirstbus.b.Weeattolive;wedon’tlivetoeat.c.Wewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone.d.Wearegladtohearofyoursuccess.e.Theyjumpedwithjoytoseehimback.②.不定式作结果或程度状语时常
7、见的五种搭配是:soasto/suchasto/enoughto/tooto/onlytoa.Tomwassofoolishastotellliestothepolice.b.Iamsuchafoolastothinkthatheiswarm-hearted.c.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave.d.Itwastoolatetocatchabusaftertheparty,thereforewecalledataxi.e.Hearrivedatthestation,onlytofindthetrainhad
8、left.三.使用动词不
