定语从句语法精讲.ppt

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1、新干线教育培训定语从句精讲1英语技能培训执教人：张方方新干线教育培训英语科组01定语从句的相关概念02定语从句的分类CONTENTS03如何用关系词引导定语从句04定语从句中需注意事项05本节小结定语从句的相关概念101定语从句的相关概念【定语从句】在复合句中用来修饰名词或代词的用作定语的从句。（常置于先行词后）Eg：Thebike（whosecolourisblack）ismine.【先行词】被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词。Eg:IhaveasisterwhoworksinShanghai.【关系词】：引导定语从句的

2、词，连接主从句；代替先行词；在从句中担任一定成分，分为关系代词和关系副词。定语从句的分类202定语从句的分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句用于修饰和限定先行词，与先行词关系紧密，不能删去，与先行词之间无逗号隔开；Eg:Iliketheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.我喜欢窗户朝南的那个房间。是先行词的一个附加修饰，对先行词只起进一步说明作用，如果删掉，主句意义仍然完整，与先行词之间有逗号隔开。Eg:Idon'tliketheroom,whichiscold.我不喜欢这个房间，它太冷了。Iliket

3、ochatwithJohn,whoisacleverboy.如何用关系词引导定语从句303如何用关系词引导定语从句如何选用关系代词第一步：找出先行词，辨别先行词是指认还是指物第二步：判断从句中所缺成分为主语，宾语，定语，确定对应关系代词关系代词先行词主格宾格所有格人who，thatwhom/who，thatwhose物which，thatwhichthatwhose，ofwhich03如何用关系词引导定语从句关系代词如何引导定语从句1）Thereisayoungman.+Theyoungmanlikesadventu

4、re.=Thereisayoungmanwho/thatlikesadventure.2）ThemanisinJapan.+Shewantstovisittheman.=Themanwhom/who/thatShewantstovisitisinJapan3）Ilikethepen.+Yougivemethepen.=Ilikethepenthat/whichyougiveme.4）Iknowtheboy.+Theboy'sparentsaredead.=Iknowtheboywhoseparentsaredead.

5、5）Pleaseshowmethebook.+Thebook'scoverisred.=Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.=Pleaseshowmethebookthecoverofwhichisred.03如何用关系词引导定语从句关系代词选择练习1）Thewoman__________isspeakingatthemeetingismymother.2）Sheisthegirl________________Imetattheparty.3）Whichisthebike_____

6、_wason-thedesk?4）Haveyoufoundthebike____________youlostlastweek?who/thatwho/whom/thatthatthat/which03如何用关系词引导定语从句关系代词示例6）Doyouknowthegirl______motherworkshere?7）Iliveintheroom____________windowfacessouth.→Iliveintheroomthewindow_________facessouth8）Pleaseshowme

7、thebook_______coverisred.→Pleaseshowmethebookthecover__________isred.whosethat/whichwhoseofwhichofwhich03如何用关系词引导定语从句关系代词用法的注意事项<1>先行词表人时，宜用who不宜用that的情况1.先行词是one，ones，anyone，those时，宜用whoEg:Onewhohasnothingtofeardarestotellthetruth.Theoneswhoflattermedon’tpleas

8、eme.Anyonewhofailstofinishthetaskshouldbecriticized.ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.03如何用关系词引导定语从句关系代词用法的注意事项<1>先行词表人时，宜用who不宜用that的情况2.先行词有较长的后置定语时，宜用whoEg:Imetafo