定语从句精讲.ppt

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1、定语从句TheAttributiveClause合并句子:1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.定语从句（Attributiveclause）概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。Marryisabeautifulgirl.形容作定语Marryisagirlwhohaslonghair.句子作定语，修饰girl，叫做定语从句。Marryisagirl.Marryhaslonghair.合并

2、为一个句子Marryisgirlwhohaslonghair.Marryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行词定语从句关系词关系副词关系代词which,who,whomwhose,thatwhere,when关系词的作用1.代替先行词；2.他还在定语从句中担任一定的成分；3.同时连接先行词与她引导的定语从句。（主句和从句连起来）关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。关系词判断步骤：首先，要看先行词。如果先行词指人，关系代词可用who,that,w

3、hom,whose。如果先行词指物，关系代词可用which或that；然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致。注：定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokenatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间)定语从句的用法（考点）：当先行词是

4、物时，用which或that引导。Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.当先行词是人时，用who,whom,whose,that引导。who,whom,whose,that用法区别。who作定语从句的主语或宾语。Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.分解：Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.thetallthestrongthecleverboyTheboyisTom.Theboywhoi

5、stallisTom.TheboywhoisstrongisTom.TheboywhoiscleverisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.whom作定语从句中的宾语，在口语和非正式文体中常用who代替，可以省略。T

6、hewomanwhom/whotheywantedtovisitisateacher.分解：Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.合并：Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.合并：Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk

7、.Wemettheteacheryesterday.合并：Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.关系代词1.who指人，作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人，作宾语（作宾语可省略，若介词提前则不能省）Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.3.wh

8、ose作定语从句的定语。Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解：Iknowthegirl.Thegirl'smotherisateacher.whose是代词的所有格形式，它既可以代人也可以代物。Isawawoman.Herba