膳食营养素摄入量计算和评价举例和习题.doc

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1、膳食营养素摄入量计算和评价举例和习题一、举例：某65岁老年女性的一日食谱如下：早餐鲜牛奶一杯（200g），馒头一个（小麦标准粉100g）中餐米饭（粳米，标一100g），猪肉炒芹菜（猪腿肉100g，芹菜250g，酱油10g，大豆油6g，盐2g）晚餐米饭（粳米，标一100g），生菜豆腐汤（生菜100g，豆腐100g，大豆油6g，盐2g），清蒸鲈鱼（200g）所食用食物的成分表（100g可食部含量）食物名称食部（%）能量(kcal)蛋白质(g)脂肪(g)碳水化物(g)维生素A(μgRE)硫胺素(mg)维生素C(mg)钙(mg)铁mg牛奶100543.03

2、.23.4240.0311040.3面粉10034411.21.573.6000140.6粳米1003467.40.877.9000291.5猪肉（腿）10019017.912.80.830.53060.9芹菜67201.20.23.3570.028801.2酱油100668.30.66.900.030277.0大豆油1009000.099.90.100010.3盐1000000000221.0生菜94131.30.31.32980.0313340.9豆腐100818.13.73.800.0401641.9鲈鱼5810018.63.40190.03

3、01382.01.根据上述食谱，计算该对象一日能量及营养素摄入量：食物名称摄入量能量(kcal)蛋白质(g)脂肪(g)碳水化物(g)维生素A(μgRE)硫胺素(mg)维生素C(mg)钙(mg)铁mg牛奶20054×2=1083.0×2=63.2×2=6.43.4×2=6.824×2=480.03×2=0.061×2=2104×2=2080.3×2=0.6面粉10034411.21.573.6000140.6粳米1003467.40.877.9000291.5猪肉（腿）10019017.912.80.830.53060.9芹菜25020×2.5×0.

4、67=33.51.2×2.5×0.67=2.010.2×2.5×0.67=0.343.3×2.5×0.67=5.5357×2.5×0.67=95.480.02×2.5×0.67=0.038×2.5×0.67=13.480×2.5×0.67=1341.2×2.5×0.67=2.01酱油1066×0.1=6.68.3×0.1=0.830.6×0.1=0.066.9×0.1=0.6900.03×0.1=0.003027×0.1=2.77.0×0.1=0.7大豆油6900×0.06=54099.9×0.06=6.00.1×0.06=0.0060001×0.

5、06=0.060.3×0.06=0.018盐2000000022×0.02=0.441.0×0.02=0.02粳米1003467.40.877.9000291.5生菜10013×0.94=12.21.3×0.94=1.20.3×0.94=0.281.3×0.94=1.22298×0.94=280.10.03×0.94=0.0313×0.94=12.234×0.94=32.00.9×0.94=0.85豆腐100818.13.73.800.0401641.9鲈鱼200100×2×0.58=11618.6×2×0.58=21.63.4×2×0.58=3.

6、9019×2×0.58=22.00.03×2×0.58=0.030138×2×0.58=160.12.0×2×0.58=2.3大豆油6900×0.06=54099.9×0.06=6.00.1×0.06=0.0060001×0.06=0.060.3×0.06=0.018盐2000000022×0.02=0.441.0×0.02=0.02合计1691.383.742.6248.3448.60.727.6779.812.92.评价膳食能量和各种营养素摄入量营养素能量（kcal）蛋白质(g)维生素A(μgRE)维生素B1(mg)维生素C(mg)钙(mg)铁

7、(mg)参考摄入量1900657001.3100100015实际摄入量1691.383.7448.60.727.6779.812.9二者比较用%表示89.0128.864.155.527.678.086.2蛋白质的摄入量偏高，能量、钙、铁的摄入量基本满足需要，维生素A、B1和C缺乏，尤以维生素C的缺乏最为明显。3.评价三大营养素的供能比例摄入量（克）占总热能的百分比（%）标准蛋白质83.783.7×4/1691.3×100%=19.8%10~15%脂肪42.642.6×9/1691.3×100%=22.7%20~30%碳水化合物248.3248.3

8、×4/1691.3×100%=58.7%55~65%蛋白质供能比例偏高，碳水化合物的供能比例偏低。4.评价三餐能量分配比餐