初高英语中衔接定语从句.doc

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1、初高中衔接课定语从句一、定义在复合句中，修饰某一或的从句叫做定语从句。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语），汉语中常用表示。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词（前/后）。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫，引导定语从句的词有that,which,who(宾格who,所有格whose)和关系副词，，。关系词常有三个

2、作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指，在从句中做。(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指，在定语从句中充当，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语

3、，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)4.that指时，相当于who或者whom；指时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)(6)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)5.whose通常指人，

4、也可指物，在定语从句中做(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?三、关系副

5、词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词1.where指，在定语从句中做。(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.2.when指，在定语从句中做。(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.3.why指在定语从句中做。(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.(2)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksu

6、nhappytoday.练习一．请分析一下定语从句：(请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1. AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.2. Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.3.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.4.Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.5. Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?6. HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo

7、.7.MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.8. AllIeverwantedtodowastraveling.二．用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose1. Thisistheman________wantstoseeyou.2.  Thestudent___________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.Theman___________Imetyest