2019分子免疫学-T细胞免疫应答机制 硕士ppt课件.ppt

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1、识别活化效应免疫应答的三个阶段OverviewofgenerationofTcellandTcellresponsesinvivo应答诱导淋巴器官内抗原识别T细胞扩增和分化分化的细胞进入循环效应T细胞和其他白细胞迁移到感染部位在外周效应T细胞遭遇抗原效应T细胞活化T细胞的效应功能Typesofadaptiveimmuneresponses.TcellsubsetsTypesofcell-mediatedimmunereactionsCD4+ThresponsesCD8+CTLresponsesDelayed-

2、typeHypersensitivity(DTH)Tcell-dependentimmunereactionsthatcausenormaltissuesinjuryNKcellmediatedinnateimmunity,killinfectedcellearlyCD4+Th1responsesmicrobesresidingwithinthephagosomesofphagocytesCD8+CTLresponsesmicrobesresidinginthecytoplasmofvariouscellty

3、pesCD4+Th2responseshelminthicparasitesCD4+Th17responsesextracellularbacteria,fungi…..DifferenttypesofmicrobeselicitdistinctprotectiveTcellresponsesDefectsinCMIresultinincreasedsusceptibilitytoinfectionbyvirusesandintracellularbacteriaTypesofTcell-mediatedim

4、muneresponseMajormediatorsofTcell-mediatedimmuneresponsesCytokinesMembraneproteinsTNFfamilymembers:CD40L,TNF-,FasLTh1-MediatedImmuneResponsesThephysiologicalroleofTh1cellsphagocyte-mediateddefenseagainstinfections,especiallywithintracellularmicrobesPatholo

5、gicalrolesofTh1cellManyorgan-specificautoimmunediseasesandinflammatoryreactionsareduetoexcessiveactivationofTh1cellsEffectorfunctionsofTh1cellsTcellsignalsthatactivatemacrophagesIFN-CD40L-CD40interactionsCentralroleofTh1intheactivationofmacrophageIFN-Them

6、ajorsources:Th1,CD8+TcellsThemajormacrophage-activatingcytokineStimulatesthemicrobicidalactivitiesofphagocytesStimulatestheproductionofIgGAbstopromotethephagocytosisofmicrobesCD40L/CD40Delivercontact-mediatedsignalsactivatesthetranscriptionfactorsnuclearfac

7、torKB(NF-KB)andactivationprotein-1(AP-1)IncreasestheresponsetoIFN-ClinicalevidenceHumanswithinheritedmutationsinCD40L(X-linkedhyper-IgMsyndrome):severedeficienciesinCMItointracellularmicrobesTheeffectorfunctionsofactivatedmacrophagesKillingofphagocytosedmi

8、crobesBecomethemoreefficientAPCsStimulationofacuteinflammationTissueRepairActivationandfunctionsofmacrophagesinCMITh2-MediatedImmuneResponsesThephysiologicalroleofTh2cellsEliminationofhelminthicinfecti