输血-英语资料.ppt

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1、输血-英语HistoryTypeofTransfusionIndicationTransfusionReactionsAutologoustransfusionComponentTransfusionBloodTransfusionHistoryandSignificanceLower(1665)FirstbloodtransfusionPhilip(1825)FirsthumanbloodtransfusionLandsteiner(1900)DiscoveryofABOtypeHowtostorebloodlonger

2、?WorldwarIIsthereanysuitableBloodSubstitutesWorldwarIISuccessfulbloodtransfusionisrelativelyrecentCrossmatchingAnticoagulationPlasticstoragecontainerBloodTransfusionTypeofTransfusion：WholeBlood；BloodComponent；RBCPLTFFPLeukocyteconcentratePlasmaSubstitutes；Useofwho

3、lebloodisconsideredtobeawasteofresourcesBloodTransfusionSymptomaticanemia(providingoxygen-carryingcapacity)Transfusiontrigger(HCT<30%;HB<10g/dl)1Unitincreases3%HCTor1g/dlShelflife=42d(1-6℃)RedBloodCellsThrombocytopenia(<50,000)PlateletdysfunctionEachunitincrease5,

4、000PLTsafter1HPlateletsProfoundlygranulocytopenia(<500)SeriousinfectionnotresponsivetoantibiotictherapyGranulocytesCoagulationfactordeficiencies1mlincreases1%clottingfactorsBeingusedassoonaspossibleAlbumin,hetastarch,crystalliodsareequallyeffectivevolumeexpanderbu

5、tsaferthanFFPAfteruseof5UofRBCs,matching2UofFFPFreshFrozenPlasma(FFP)--VolumeExpanderDextranMostwidelyusedLow/MiddleM.W.(40,000-70,000)MassivetransfusioncouldimpaircoagulationOccasionalALLERGICreactionHydroxyethylStarchFormulation(HES)MorestableContainingessential

6、electrolytesNoallergicreactionPlasmaSubstitutesIndication：Acutemassivebloodloss;Anaemiaandhypoalbuminemia;OverwhelmingInfection;DysfunctionofCoagulation;BloodTransfusionTechniqueofTransfusion:ApproachRoute:PeripheralVein,CenterVeinFiltrationbeforeTransfusion：Veloc

7、ityofTransfusion：5-10ml/minBloodTransfusionDoubleCheck:Name,TypeandCrossmatchStorageTime:CitratePhoshateDetroseAcidicCitrateDetrose21D,35DPre-heat：NoanyotherMedication：Observationduring/afterTransfusion：Attention：BloodTransfusionIncidence：2%Chills,Fever39-40.CHead

8、ache,SweatinessNausea,Vomiting,Flushing15min-1hrFebrileReactions：TransfusionReactionsImmuno-reaction：Endo-toxins：ContaminationorHemolysis：Analyzepossibl