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时间:2021-04-14
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JohnvonNeumann JohnvonNeumann(1903-1957)wasundoubtedlyoneofthescientificgeniusesofthe20thcentury.Themainfieldstowhichhecontributedincludevariousdisciplinesofpureandappliedmathematics,mathematicalandtheoreticalphysics,logic,theoreticalcomputerscience,andcomputerarchitecture. VonNeumannwasalsoactivelyinvolvedinpoliticsandsciencemanagementandhehadamajorimpactonUSgovernmentdecisionsduring,andespeciallyafter,theSecondWorldWar.Thereexistseveralpopularbooksonhispersonalityandvariouscollectionsfocusingonhisachievementsinmathematics,computerscience,andeconomy.Strangelyenough,todatenodetailedappraisalofhisseminalcontributionstothemathematicalfoundationsofquantumphysicshasappeared. HonorsTheJohnvonNeumannTheoryPrizeoftheInstituteforOperationsResearchandtheManagementSciencesisawardedannuallytoanindividual(orgroup)whohavemadefundamentalandsustainedcontributionstotheoryinoperationsThecratervonNeumannontheMoonisnamedafterhim.TheJohnvonNeumannCenterinPlainsboroTownship,NewJersey,wasnamedinhishonor. HonorsOnMay4,2005theUnitedStatesPostalServiceissuedtheAmericanScientistscommemorativepostagestampseries,asetoffour37-centself-adhesivestampsinseveralconfigurationsdesignedbyartistVictorStabin.ThescientistsdepictedwerevonNeumann,BarbaraMcClintock,JosiahWillardGibbs,andRichardFeynman. IllnessanddeathIn1955,vonNeumannwasdiagnosedwithwhatwaseitherboneorpancreaticcancer.Hewasnotabletoaccepttheproximityofhisowndemise,andtheshadowofimpendingdeathinstilledgreatfearinhim.Hediedatage53onFebruary8,1957,attheWalterReedArmyMedicalCenterinWashington,D.C.,undermilitarysecuritylestherevealmilitarysecretswhileheavilymedicated.HewasburiedatPrincetonCemeteryinPrinceton,MercerCounty,NewJersey. Ending
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