皮亚杰和维果茨基的比较研究.ppt

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1、CognitiveDevelopment:AComparativeResearchonPiaget’sTheoryandVygotsky’sSocioculturalViewpointContentTheProcessofCognitiveDevelopmentTheRoleofLanguageinCognitiveDevelopmentChangeAgentsinCognitiveDevelopmentConclusionandApplicationTheProcessofCognitiveDevelopment--Piag

2、etWhatiscognitivedevelopment?Cognitivedevelopmentisdefinedasthinking,problemsolving,conceptunderstanding,informationprocessingandoverallintelligence.WhatisIntelligence?AccordingtoPiaget,itisabasiclifefunctionthatenablesanorganismtoadapttoitsenvironment.Allintellectua

3、lactivityisundertakenwithonegoalinmind-cognitiveequilibriumPiagetdescribedchildrenasconstructivistTheProcessofCognitiveDevelopment--PiagetKeywordsexplained:SchemeisatermusedbyPiagettodescribethemodels,ormentalstructures,thatwecreatetorepresent,organize,andinterpretou

4、rexperiences.CognitiveSchemes:thestructureofintelligenceOrganizationistheprocessbywhichchildrencombineexistingschemesintonewandmorecomplexintellectualstructures.Adaptationisaninborntendencytoadjusttothedemandsoftheenvironment.Thegoalofadaptationistoadjusttotheenviron

5、ment;thisoccursthroughassimilationandaccommodation.Assimilationistheprocessofinterpretingnewexperiencesbyincorporatingthemintoexistingschemes.Accommodationistheprocessofmodifyingexistingschemesinordertoincorporateoradapttonewexperiences.TheProcessofCognitiveDevelopme

6、nt--PiagetPiagetianConceptExampleEquilibriumToddlerwhohasneverseenanythingflybutbirdsthinksthatallflyingobjectsarebirdsAssimilationStartSeeinganairplaneflyingpromptsthechildtocallitabirdieAccommodationChildexperiencesconflictuponrealizingthatthenewbirdiehasnofeathers

7、.Concludesitisnotabirdandasksforthepropertermorinventsaname.EquilibriumrestoredOrganizationFinishFormshierarchalschemeconsistingofasuperordinateclass(flyingobjects)andtwosubordinateclasses(birdiesandairplanes).TheProcessofCognitiveDevelopment--PiagetTheProcessofCogni

8、tiveDevelopment--PiagetAccordingtoPiaget,achild’sdevelopmentprogressesthrough4qualitativestagesandaninvariantdevelopmentalsequence-