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1、大连海事大学毕业论文二○年月增压器喘振分析及增压系统管理专业班级：09G115姓名：谢子科指导教师：戴武内容摘要喘振是增压器常见的故障之一，其表现为压气机出现剧烈的气流波动，并伴有很大的吼叫声。气流以周期性的、强烈的脉冲形式表现出来，即气流的压力、速度和流量的急剧的变化。当增压器发生喘振时，会使主机工况下降，自动降速。当不能越过喘振区时，主机只能降功率运行。造成较大的经济损失。增压器产生喘振的原理较为复杂，当压气机处于低流量高背压的工作状态时，进入压气机的空气流向与压气机叶片入口之间产生冲角，当这个
2、角度大到一定程度时，进气流与压气机叶片之间就会有较严重的气流分离，这种情况同样会在扩压器叶片处形成。增压器喷咀环积炭，或喷咀环截面积过小，都使燃气流经缩小了的喷咀环流通截时流速增高，促使转子转速上升（每减少lcm2，转子转速约上升250r/min），压气机进气流量增大，使部分空气堵在压气机入口而产生气流扰动，喘振就此发生。为避免增压器的喘振，不光要加强增压器的检测与保养，还要对柴油机的工作状况及时监测。本文分析了增压器喘振的机理和原因，基于尽可能少拆部件的原则，总结出一套发生喘振时的处理方法。希望对
3、及时消除增压器喘振，减少轮机员工作量，船舶安全航行提供一些帮助。Surgeissuperchargercommonfault,itsexpressionisoneoftheaircompressorwithdrasticfluctuations,andwithalotofaroar.Airflowtoperiodically,strongpulseformexpressioncomesout,namelythepressureoftheair,Speedandflowofthesharpchange
4、.Whenthesuperchargerhappensurge,canmakehostcondition,automaticfallingratedrop.Whennotgobeyondthesurgearea,thehostcanonlydroppoweroperation.Tocausemajoreconomicloss.Thesuperchargersurgeisrelativelycomplex,whentheprincipleofcompressorinlowflowhighbackpre
5、ssureworkingcondition,intothecompressorairflowandthecompressorbladeentranceproduceattackAnglebetween,whenthisAnglebigenough,intotheaircompressorbladeandtherewillbemoreseriousbetweentheflowseparation,thiskindofsituationwilldo,diffuserbladeplacetoform.Th
6、esuperchargerwardsringcoke,orwardsringsectionareaistoosmall,aresothatthegasflowingthroughthenarrowthewardsringcirculationflowrateincreases,whencuttospeedup(eachreducerotorlcm2rotorspeed,risingabout250r/min),compressorairflowincreases,sothatsomeoftheair
7、compressorplugginginentranceandproduceairdisturbance,surgehappenedon.Inordertoavoidthesuperchargersurge,notonlytostrengthentheinspectionandmaintenanceofthesupercharger,butalsototheworkingconditionofdieselenginetimelymonitoring.Thispaperanalyzesthesuper
8、chargersurgethemechanismandreason,basedontheprincipleoflessasfaraspossibleandcomponents,summedupasetofhappenwhenthesurgeofprocessingmethod.Hopetoeliminateturbinesuper-chargersurgeintime,reducetheworkload,Marineengineermanoeuvressafevoya
