2021年人教版英语高一上学期期末复习试卷八(解析版)

2021年人教版英语高一上学期期末复习试卷八(解析版)

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人教版英语高一上学期期末复习试卷第I卷(共85分)第一部分:知识运用(共两节,共45分)第一节:语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)A阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。OnFebrury14,menaroundtheworldtakeouttheirwivesorgirlfriends_____1_____(have)dinner,buyingthemflowersandgifts.However,peopleinJapandoit____2____(different).Onthatday,awomanusually____3____(give)giftstothemaninherlife.Thisgiftcomesintheformofchocolateorcookies.Onemonthlater,onMarch14,theycelebrateWhiteDay,whenmenpresentgiftstowomen.Insteadofchocolates,theymaygivehandbags,flowersorclothes.____4____ifagirlwantstoreceivemoregiftsonWhiteDay,sheshouldgivegiftsgenerouslytoherlovedonesonValentine'sDay.【答案】1.tohave2.differently3.gives4.So/Thus【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2月14日情人节时,一般世界各地的男人们会带着他们的妻子或女朋友出去吃饭,给她们买鲜花和礼物。然而,日本人的做法不同。【1题详解】考查不定式作目的状语。句意:2月14 日,世界各地的男人们会带着他们的妻子或女朋友出去吃饭,给她们买鲜花和礼物。此处要用不定式作目的状语,表示他们外出的目的是吃晚餐。故填tohave。【2题详解】考查副词。句意:然而,日本人的做法不同。此处要用副词修饰动词do。故填differently。【3题详解】考查时态。句意:在那一天,女人通常会把礼物送给她生命中的男人。根据usually可知时态是一般现在时,且主语是awoman,因此要用第三人称单数形式。故填gives。【4题详解】考查副词。句意:因此,如果一个女孩想在白色情人节收到更多的礼物,她应该在情人节慷慨地送礼物给她爱的人。根据ifagirlwantstoreceivemoregiftsonWhiteDay可知此句与下句是因果关系,要用表示因果的副词修饰本句。故填So/Thus。【点睛】第3小题考查了一般现在时且主语是第三人称的用法。一般现在时的用法:1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的结构:1.be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)其它。如:Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:WestudyEnglish我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加-s或-es。如:MarylikesChinese玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时常用的时间词:often,usually,sometimes,everyday(week,year..)等。A.第三人称单数形式的构成一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词后要加s或es,其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同:1.一般情况下只在动词后加s,如work-works,write-writes.2.以o,s,x,sh,ch结尾的动词,后加-es,如guess-guesses,mix-mixes,finish-finishes,catch-catches.3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,改y为i加-es,如study-studies.注:不规则变化的有have-hasB阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。In2002,YaoMingwasselectedthefirstoverallintheNBADraft(选秀).Noathleteis____5____(responsible)thanYaoforChina’srisetoaglobalsportssuperpower.AfterYao____6____(join)theHoustonRockets,theNBA becamethefirstprofessionalsportsleaguefromtheUStovisitChina.ThankstoYao’simpact,moreprofessional____7____(team)haveapresenceinChinatoday.Yaoretiredin2011followingacareerthatincludedeightNBAAll-Starselections.He'strulyasuperstarwhobelongstotheworld.【答案】5.moreresponsible6.joined7.teams【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了姚明从2002年至2011年在NBA期间获得的荣誉和他带来的影响。【5题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意:对于中国崛起为全球体育超级大国,姚明是最负责任的运动员。根据句中的than可知此处要用形容词的比较级。故填moreresponsible。【6题详解】考查时态。句意:姚明加入休斯敦火箭队后,NBA成为第一个访问中国的美国职业体育联盟。根据下句中的谓语became可知此处时态是一般过去时,因此此处要用动词的过去式。故填joined。【7题详解】考查名词的复数。句意:由于姚明的影响,更多的职业球队出现在中国。根据形容词moreprofessional可知此处要用名词的复数形式,team是可数名词,复数形式是teams。故填teams。C阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AsaChinesecitizen(中国公民),I’mproudtoexperiencehowmymotherlandtookactionstoprotecthercitizens.IneverthoughtChinesecitizenship___8___(save)ourlivesuntilIsawthegovernmenttryeverythingitcouldtosaveoverseasChinesecitizens.In2011,thesituationinLibyawastense.Whenthegovernmentlearnedofthissituation,onewarship,twentycivilaircraftandfourmilitaryaircraftweresentthereimmediatelyandall35,860Chinesecitizens___9___(move)outofLibyawithinaweek.Theseactionshavebeenhighlypraisedaroundtheworld.Theworldisn’tpeaceful.It’sjustsomeone____10____carriestheburdenforyou!【答案】8.wouldsave9.weremoved10.who【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国公民身份会拯救我们的生命,举例了中国政府在2011年派出1艘军舰、 20架民用飞机和4架军用飞机,在一周内将35860名中国公民全部撤离利比亚。【8题详解】考查时态。句意:我从来没有想过中国公民身份会拯救我们的生命,直到我看到政府尽其所能拯救海外的中国公民。根据Ineverthought可知时态是一般过去时,且此处表示拯救生命是过去将来的动作。故填wouldsave。【9题详解】考查时态和语态。句意:政府获悉这一情况后,立即派出1艘军舰、20架民用飞机和4架军用飞机,在一周内将35860名中国公民全部撤离利比亚。根据上文和主语是all35,860Chinesecitizens可知此处要用一般过去时的被动语态,短语moveoutof搬出,脱离,摆脱。故填weremoved。【10题详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意:它只是一个替你背负重担的人!此处是由who引导的定语从句,先行词是someone,who在定语从句中作主语。故填who。【点睛】第2小题考查了一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,in2003,twodaysago等。一般过去时的被动语态,其主要结构为:主语(动作接受者)+was/were+动词的过去分词+(by+动作执行者)如:Thisdeskwasmadebymyfather.这张桌子出自我爸爸之手。IwastaughtbyMissZhaolastyear.去年,我是由赵老师教的。第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Tomwasamiddle-agedbusinessmanwhoserepeatedfailureinhisworkmadehimanupsetman,oftencomplaining(抱怨)thatothershadbeenplayingtricksonhim.Onedayhetoldhiswifehewasso___11___withthecitythathehadtoleave.Sohisfamilymovedto___12___city.ItwasintheeveningofaweekendwhenTomandhiswifewerebusy___13___uptheirnewhomethatthe___14___suddenlywentout.Sotheyhadto___15___work.BecauseTomhadforgottenbringingalongcandles,hehadtowait___16___inalowmood.Justthenheheardslightknocksonhisdoorthatsoundedclearinthe___17___night.“Who’sit?”hewondered,sinceTomhadno___18___inthenewcity.Andthiswasthemomentheespeciallydislikedbeingdisturbedortroubled.___19___,hewentunwillinglytothedoorandopeneditimpatiently.Atthedoorwasalittlegirl,shylyasking,“Sir,doyouhave___20___?I’myourneighbour.”“No!”answeredTominanger andshutthedoor___21___.Hecomplainedaboutitwithhiswife,“Assoonaswesettleddown,theneighbourcameto___22___things.”Afterawhile,thedoorwasknockedagain.Heopeneditandfoundthe___23___girloutside.Butthistimeshewasholdingtwocandles,saying,“Mygrandmatoldmethenewneighbourdownstairsmightneedcandles.She___24___meheretogiveyouthese.”Tomwasvery___25___bywhathesaw.Whenhefullyundersood,hesaid,“Thankyouandyour___26___.Godblessyou!”Atthatmomenthesuddenlyrealizedwhatcausedhis___27___inlife.Itwashis___28___andunkindnesswithotherpeople.Thepersonwhohadcheatedhiminlifewas___29___nobodyelsebuthimself,forhehadfallenforhisheartless___30___.11.A.inspiredB.satisfiedC.disappointedD.encouraged12.A.anyB.otherC.everyD.another13.A.endingB.lookingC.cleaningD.turning14.A.lightB.fireC.fridgeD.television15.A.quitB.startC.changeD.continue16.A.happilyB.hopefullyC.patientlyD.helplessly17.A.darkB.quietC.noisyD.crowded18.A.doctorB.friendsC.strangerD.audience19.A.SoB.AlthoughC.HoweverD.Moreover20.A.beerB.rollsC.platesD.candles21.A.humblyB.stronglyC.slightlyD.entirely22.A.buyB.sellC.lendD.borrow23.A.sameB.prettyC.energeticD.confident24.A.sentB.forcedC.prohibitD.suggested25.A.pleasedB.puzzledC.surprisedD.frightened26.A.brotherB.motherC.fatherD.grandma27.A.goalB.failureC.successD.schedule28.A.apologyB.opinionC.coldnessD.responsibility29.A.inallB.inrealityC.ingeneralD.inparticular30.A.mindB.ideaC.brainD.thought【答案】11.C12.D13.C14.A15.A16.D17.B18.B19.C20.D21.B22.D23.A24.A25.C26.D27.B28.C29.B30.A【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍Tom(汤姆)总是认为自己被人欺骗,所以事业总是失败。他和家人搬到了另外一个城市,在打扫时灯灭了,一个小女孩给他送了蜡烛,让他有了不同的认识:生活中欺骗他的人实际上是他自己而不是其他人,他的眼睛被他无情的心灵蒙蔽了。从此,Tom的人生观改变了。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一天,他告诉他的妻子,他对这个城市非常失望,他不得不离开。A.inspired品质优秀的,受鼓舞的;B.satisfied满意的;C.disappointed令人失望的;D.encouraged受到鼓舞的。根据前文oftencomplainingthatothershadbeenplayingtricksonhim可知汤姆认为别人总是欺骗他,所以他对这个地方非常失望,想离开。故选C。【12题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意:所以他的家搬到了另一个城市。A.any任一,任何的;B.other另外的,其他的;C.every每一的,每个的;D.another不同的,类似的,另一个。根据下文sinceTomhadnofriendsinthenewcity可知汤姆想搬到另一个城市去,但是没有特指某个城市。故选D。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:是在一个周末的晚上,当汤姆和他的妻子正忙着打扫他们的新家时,灯突然灭了。A.ending结束;B.looking看着,面向;C.cleaning打扫;D.turning转动,旋转。根据theirnewhome可知此处表示打扫新家,短语cleanup打扫,清理。故选C。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在一个周末的晚上,当汤姆和他的妻子正忙着打扫他们的新家时,灯突然灭了。A.light灯,光,打火机;B.fire火;C.fridge电冰箱;D.television电视机。根据下文的candles可知是灯灭了。故选A。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以他们不得不停下打扫的工作。A.quit放弃,停止,离开;B.start开始;C.change改变;D.continue继续。根据前文…thatthelightsuddenlywentout可知停电了,所以他们只好停止打扫。故选A。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:因为汤姆忘了带蜡烛,他只好沮丧地等着。A.happily高兴地;B.hopefully有望地;C.patiently有耐心地;D.helplessly无能为力地,无助地。根据BecauseTomhadforgottenbringingalongcandles可知汤姆很后悔没带蜡烛,只好情绪低落地无助等待。故选D。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在这时,他听到轻轻的敲门声,在寂静的夜里听起来很清楚。A.dark 黑暗的;B.quiet安静的;C.noisy喧闹的,吵闹的;D.crowded拥挤的。根据Justthenheheardslightknocksonhisdoor可知这时在安静的夜晚,他们听见了敲门声,敲门声和安静的夜晚形成对比。故选B。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:“会是谁呢?”他想,因为汤姆在这个新城市里没有朋友。A.doctor医生;B.friends朋友;C.stranger陌生人;D.audience观众,听众。根据inthenewcity可知表示汤姆在这个新城市里还没有朋友。故选B。【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,他还是不情愿地走到门口,不耐烦地把门打开。A.So因此,所以;B.Although尽管,虽然;C.However无论如何,不管怎样,然而;D.Moreover而且,此外。根据hewentunwillinglytothedoorandopeneditimpatiently可知虽然这个时候他不喜欢被打扰,但是他还是不情愿地开门了,前后文是转折关系。故选C。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:她害羞地问:“先生,您有蜡烛吗?我是您的邻居。”A.beer啤酒;B.rolls卷轴,滚动,面包卷;C.plates盘子;D.candles蜡烛。根据下文Butthistimeshewasholdingtwocandles可知女孩问的是蜡烛。故选D。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:“没有!”汤姆生气地回答,用力地把门关上。A.humbly低声下气地,谦逊地;B.strongly坚定地,强有力地;C.slightly轻微地,些微地;D.entirely完全地,彻底地。根据answeredTominanger可知他生气了,所以会用力地关门。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他向妻子抱怨说:“我们一安顿下来,邻居就来借东西了。”A.buy买;B.sell销售,出卖;C.lend贷,提供,把…借给;D.borrow借入,借用。根据things可知是汤姆抱怨邻居来借东西。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他打开门,发现还是那个女孩。A.same相同的,同一的;B.pretty漂亮的,可爱的;C.energetic有力的,精力充沛的;D.confident自信的。此处指的是上文的alittlegirl。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:但这次她拿着两根蜡烛说:“我奶奶告诉我楼下的新邻居可能需要蜡烛。她让我来给您这些。”A.sent送,寄出;B.forced强迫;C.prohibit阻止,禁止;D.suggested建议,暗示。根据togiveyouthese可知小女孩的奶奶告诉她新邻居可能没有蜡烛,所以叫她送蜡烛过来。故选A。【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:汤姆对他所看到的感到非常惊讶。A.pleased高兴的;B.puzzled困惑的,茫然的;C.surprised感到惊讶的;D.frightened害怕的,受惊的。根据上文Butthistimeshewasholdingtwocandles可知汤姆对于眼前的事情感到很惊讶。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当他完全理解后,他说:“谢谢你和你的奶奶。上帝保佑你们!”A.brother兄弟;B.mother母亲,妈妈;C.father父亲,爸爸;D.grandma外婆,奶奶。根据上文Mygrandmatoldmethenewneighbourdownstairsmightneedcandles.可知此处表示汤姆感谢小女孩和她奶奶。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那一刻,他突然意识到是什么导致了他人生的失败。A.goal目标;B.failure失败;C.success成功;D.schedule时间表,计划表。根据下文Itwashis___18___andunkindnesswithotherpeople.可知Tom意识到是什么导致了他的失败。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:是他对别人的冷漠和不友好。A.apology道歉;B.opinion观点,看法;C.coldness冷漠,寒冷,冷淡;D.responsibility责任,职责,义务。根据上文Hecomplainedaboutitwithhiswife,“Assoonaswesettleddown,theneighbourcameto___12___things.”可知是他对别人的冷漠和不友好导致了他的失败。故选C。【29题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:在生活中欺骗他的那个人,实际上不是别人,而是他自己,因为他已经爱上了他那无情的心。A.inall总共,合计;B.inreality实际上,事实上;C.ingeneral总之,通常,一般;D.inparticular尤其,特别。根据nobodyelsebuthimself可知生活中欺骗他的人实际上不是别人,就是他自己。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在生活中欺骗他的那个人,实际上不是别人,而是他自己,因为他已经爱上了他那无情的心。A.mind意见,理智;B.idea想法,主意,概念;C.brain头脑,智力;D.thought思想,思考,想法。根据heartless可知此处表示的是汤姆的思想,因为他冷漠无情的思想,生活中欺骗他的不是别人,正是他自己。故选A。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如,第4小题要求判断是什么灭了,根据下文的candles可知是灯灭了。故选A项。还可以根据生活常识进行解答。比如:第3小题要求判断汤姆和妻子在干嘛,根据theirnewhome可知此处表示汤姆和他的妻子正忙着打扫他们的新家,短语cleanup打扫,清理。故选C项。第二部分:阅读理解(共三节,共40分) 第一节:阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共11小题;每小题2分,共22分)AWeeklyRound-up31.WhatcanyouinferfromNews1?A.Chinesetouristswillnotdoanyharmtowildlifefromnowon.B.ThetoursarespeciallydesignedforChinesetoprotectwildlife.CManytouristsinChinahaveastrongsenseofanimalprotection.D.Thetoursmakemoretouristsbecomeinterestedinwildanimals.32.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoNews2?A.MostChinesestudentswillnolongergoabroadforeducation.B.MostChinesestudentsstudyingabroadplantoworkinChina.C.ChinesestudentsstudyingabroadcanfindjobseasilyinChina.D.Chinesestudentsstudyingabroadcangetwell-paidjobsinChina.33.Accordingtothenewsabove,weknowthat__________.A.227,086ChineselearnershavebeentoAmericatostudylanguagesB.ChinesehasbecomethemostpopularlanguageintheUnitedStates C.passengersarenotallowedtodrinkoreatontheBeijingsubwayD.passengerswillbepunishedandfinediftheyeatordrinkonthesubway【答案】31.C32.B33.C【解析】这是一则新闻报道。报道了四则新闻消息。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第①则新闻中About60percentofintervieweessaidthattheywouldrefusetotakepartintoursthatmightbadlyinfluencethenormallifeofanimalsinthewildorbeharmfultowildlife.(约60%的受访者表示,他们会拒绝参加可能严重影响野生动物正常生活或对野生动物有害的旅游。)可知,在中国,许多游客都有强烈的动物保护意识。故选C项。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第②则新闻中About78percentofChinesestudentsabroadplantoworkinChinaeitherrightaftergraduationorafterworkingabroadforawhile.(大约78%的中国留学生计划在毕业后或在国外工作一段时间后回到中国工作。)可知,大多数中国留学生计划在中国工作。故选B项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第④则新闻中PassengersfoundeatingordrinkingontheBeijingsubwaywhodonotstopwhentheyareaskedwillfacehavingtheiractionsnotedontheirsocialcredit(信用)score,accordingtoBeijingMunicipalCommissionofTransport.(根据北京市交通委员会规定,乘客被发现在北京地铁上吃或喝东西,当被要求还不停止时,将面临在他们的社会信用评分上被记录这些的行为。)可知,乘客不允许在北京地铁上吃喝东西。故选C项。BMyfamilylivesinTexas.IwasbornandbroughtupinTexasandIamagraduateoftheUniversityofTexas.However,aroundmysecondyearinlawschool,Iwantedtomakeagreatchange,whichwasalmostunheardofforTexans:Iwantedtoleave!Irealizedthisaftercompletingmyfirst-yearinternship(实习期).IknewIwantedsomethingdifferentandmychancecameduringthe2011SuperBowl(橄榄球超级大赛)inDallas.Asnowstormblanketedtheentirecityinsnowandthousandsofpeopleweregathered.IoverheardthatStubHub,abigcompanyfromagreatcity,SanFrancisco,wasthrowingapartynextdoortomyhotel.IthoughtifIcouldgetaninternship,Icouldleaveforthesummerandatleastseewhatitwaslike.Yes,itwasahugeleap.ItoldmyselfIwasready.Therewasjustoneproblem:Iwasn’tinvitedtotheStubHubparty.ButyouknowI’mthetypeofpersonwhogoesforsomethingshewants.Needlesstosay,Icrashedthepartyandfoundmywaytothepresident.Ikindly introducedmyselfandthenaskediftheyhadalegalinternshipprogram.Guesswhat?Theyacceptedmyrequesttobealegalintern,eventhoughnosuchprogramexisted.Thelegaldepartmentdidn’thaveapermanentpositionforme.However,Igotmanyotherchancestobealegalinterninothercompanies.Thatexperiencehasshapedmylife.WorkingforagreatcompanyinSanFrancisco,I’mincrediblyhappyformakingmydecisiontoleaveTexas.ByleavingTexas,Ilearnedthatitissomuchmorerewardingtotrytheunfamiliarthantostayinthecomfortzone.Exploringtheunfamiliarishowyou’llunderstandwhatfitsyourlife.Isay,diveinheadfirst.34.TheauthorwasabletoleaveTexasbecause__________.A.shedroppedoutoftheUniversityofTexasB.shewatchedthe2011SuperBowlinDallasC.asnowstormblanketedtheentirecityinsnowD.sheintroducedherselftothepresidentofStubHub35.Inthefourthparagraph,whatdoestheunderlinedword“permanent”mean?A.suitableB.importantC.long-lastingD.high-respected36.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribetheauthor?A.Patientandhonest.B.Smartandhumorous.C.Determinedandpositive.D.Supportiveandenergetic.37.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusthroughherexperience?A.Youmustchooseacareerthatyoulike.B.Jumpingoutofyourcomfortzoneisrewarding.CAcceptingwhoyouaremakesyourealizeyourstrengths.D.Youshouldlistentoyourfamilytolearnaboutyourpotential.【答案】34.D35.C36.C37.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者想要离开出生和长大的地方——德克萨斯州,想做出一个巨大的改变,文章讲述了作者是如何得到离开的机会的。她用亲身经历告知我们:跳出你的舒适区是值得的。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Needlesstosay,Icrashedthepartyandfoundmywaytothepresident.Ikindlyintroducedmyselfandthenaskediftheyhadalegalinternshipprogram.Guesswhat?Theyacceptedmyrequesttobe alegalintern,eventhoughnosuchprogramexisted.不用说,我混进了聚会,找到了见总裁的路。我热情地介绍了自己,然后问他们是否有法律实习项目。你猜怎么着?他们接受了我成为一名法律实习生的请求,尽管当时还没有这样的项目。可知,作者能够离开德克萨斯是因为作者自己向StubHub的总裁做了自我介绍,得到了一个工作。故选D项。【35题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句Theyacceptedmyrequesttobealegalintern,eventhoughnosuchprogramexisted.他们接受了我成为一名法律实习生的请求,尽管当时还没有这样的项目。以及第四段中划线词所在句Thelegaldepartmentdidn’thaveapermanentpositionforme.法律部没有给我________职位。由实习生可推断作者没有得到一个长期的职位,因此可猜测划线词permanent意为“长期的,永久的”。故选C项。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中However,aroundmysecondyearinlawschool,Iwantedtomakeagreatchange,whichwasalmostunheardofforTexans:Iwantedtoleave!然而,在我法学院的第二年,我想做一个巨大的改变,这对德州人来说几乎是闻所未闻的:我想离开德克萨斯州!可知,作者是一个有决心的人;以及第三段中ButyouknowI'mthetypeofpersonwhogoesforsomethingshewants.但你知道我是那种追求自己想要的东西的人。可知,作者是那种努力追求自己想要的东西的人,积极向上。因此,可以判断作者是一个有决心果断而又积极向上的人。故选C项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段ByleavingTexas,Ilearnedthatitissomuchmorerewardingtotrytheunfamiliarthantostayinthecomfortzone.Exploringtheunfamiliarishowyou’llunderstandwhatfitsyourlife.Isay,diveinheadfirst.离开德克萨斯后,我认识到,尝试不熟悉的东西比呆在舒适的地方更有意义。探索不熟悉的事物是你如何理解什么适合你的生活。我说,一头扎进去。可知,作者用自己的经历中告知我们:跳出你的舒适区是值得的。故选B项。CTheNotreDame(巴黎圣母院)firehasbeenputout,butitswoodenroofhavebeenlargelydamaged.Theterribleaccidentcausesasuddensharppaintopeoplearoundtheworld,“Whatapitythatwecannotseethedamagedpartsofthewonderanymore.”Butthegoodnewsisthatthereisatleastonewayofseeingthem,namelyviaavideogamecalledAssassin'sCreed:Unity.Inthisgame,theplayercantraveltoonecityafteranotherandenterthebuildingsexactlylikewhattheyareinreality,andseeNotreDameasitwasbeforethefire.Inaddition,withVRtechnology,whichisalreadyquitemature,onecanevenlookaroundtheundamagedNotreDameasifitisstillthere.Maybedigitaltechnologycouldhelptobetterprotectarchitecturalculturalheritage(建筑文化遗产). Theideaofdigitizingancientbuildings,makingdigitalmodelsofthemsotheirdatacanbesaved,datesbacktothe1990sandthenecessarytechnologyhascontinuedtoadvancesincethen.Byscanningtheancientbuildingswithlasers,building3Dmodelswithhundredsofimages,aswellasmeasuring(测量)everythingprecisely,engineerscanmakeacopyas“same”astherealone.Ascomputersandsmartphonesarehugelypopular,thedigitalreplicaordigitalcopyhasgreatpraticalvalue.First,itallowstouriststofeeltheculturalrelics(文物)withouttouchingthem,whichhelpsprotectthem.ThevirtualtourofDunhuangGrottoesinGansuProvinceisagoodexampleofthisastouristscanviewthepaintingswithoutstandingnearthem.Furthermore,itcanmakethedigitizedculturalrelicsmorefamousbyspreadingawarenessaboutthemviatheInternet.In2000,avirtualtouroftheGreatWallbecameverypopularattheHannoverWorldExpo,whichincreasedthenumberofforeigntouristsvisitingitinthefollowingyears.Aboveall,itpreservesalltheinformationoftheculturalrelics.Eveniftheoriginalonesaredamagedoneday,peoplecanstillknowwhattheywerelikeandcanbuildareplicaifdesired.Timeisthebiggestproblemtoarchitecturalheritage.Maybewewillhavebettertechnologiesinthefuture,butthedigitaltechnologyoffersapracticalwaytopreservearchitecturalculturalheritageatthemoment.38.WhatcanweseeaboutNotreDameinthevideogame?A.Thebigfire.B.Itsoriginallook.C.Thedamagedparts.D.Itswoodenshape.39.Whatwillengineersdotocreateadigitalreplicaoftheancientbuildings?A.Improvethetechnologyneeded.B.Build3Dmodelsoffullsize.C.Scanthephotosofthebuildings.D.Measureallthepartsprecisely.40.Howdoestheauthorprovethedigitalcopyhasgreatpracticalvalue?A.Bycomparison.B.Bylistingdata.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byclassification.41.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheDamageofNotreDameB.TheValueofDigitalReplicaC.VRTechnologyHelpsRepairtheCulturalRelicsD.DigitalTechnologyHelpsProtectAncientBuildings【答案】38.B39.D40.C41.D【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章通过巴黎圣母院被烧之后人们还可以看到巴黎圣母院的原貌,和敦煌石窟以及汉诺威世博会上虚拟的长城之旅例子,介绍了用数字复制技术真实还原古建筑,以及这一技术给文物保护等诸多方面带来了好处。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Inthisgame,theplayercantraveltoonecityafteranotherandenterthebuildingsexactlylikewhattheyareinreality,andseeNotreDameasitwasbeforethefire.(在这个游戏中,玩家可以一个城市一个城市的旅行,进入建筑,就像他们在现实中一样,看到巴黎圣母院在火灾之前的样子。)可知,在这个游戏中我们可以看到巴黎圣母院原来的样子。故选B项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Byscanningtheancientbuildingswithlasers,building3Dmodelswithhundredsofimages,aswellasmeasuring(测量)everythingprecisely,engineerscanmakeacopyas“same”astherealone.(通过用激光扫描古代建筑,用数百张图像构建三维模型,以及精确测量一切,工程师可以制作出与真实建筑一样精确的副本。)可知,工程师精确测量所有零件来创建古建筑的数字复制品。故选D项。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中ThevirtualtourofDunhuangGrottoesinGansuProvinceisagoodexampleofthisastouristscanviewthepaintingswithoutstandingnearthem.(甘肃敦煌石窟的虚拟旅游就是一个很好的例子,因为游客不用站在附近就能看到这些画。)以及In2000,avirtualtouroftheGreatWallbecameverypopularattheHannoverWorldExpo,whichincreasedthenumberofforeigntouristsvisitingitinthefollowingyears.(2000年,在汉诺威世博会上,虚拟的长城之旅变得非常受欢迎,在接下来的几年里,参观长城的外国游客增加了。)可知,作者通过给出具体的实例来证明数字拷贝具有重要的现实意义。故选C项。【41题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中Maybedigitaltechnologycouldhelptobetterprotectarchitecturalculturalheritage(建筑文化遗产).(也许数字技术可以帮助更好地保护建筑文化遗产。)以及最后一段中Maybewewillhavebettertechnologiesinthefuture,butthedigitaltechnologyoffersapracticalwaytopreservearchitecturalculturalheritageatthemoment.(也许在未来我们会有更好的技术,但数字技术提供了一个实用的方法来保护建筑文化遗产。)以及通读全文可知,本文主要是介绍了用数字复制技术真实还原古建筑,这一技术给文物保护等诸多方面带来了好处,因此最佳标题应该是选项D“数字技术有助于保护古建筑”。故选D项。D第二节:根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。请把答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)Successfulpeoplenotonlyhavehealthymorninghabits,butalsoknowhowtofinishofftheirdayright.Andtheyallhaveparticularhabits. Readabook.___42___Theyallknowtheimportanceofeducatingthemselveseverysingledayinordertoachievebetterresultsintheirprofessionalandpersonallives.Readingwillmakeyoumorelikelytosucceed.Organizethefollowingday.Havingawell-writtenplancanreallybenefitthetasksyouhavesetfortheday.Itisreallydifficulttorememberallthethingsyouneedtodo.___43___Successfulpeopleknowtheimportanceofawell-plannedday.Sobeforeyougotobed,writedownyour3mostimportantgoalsfortomorrow.Spendtimewithfamily.Lifeisnotallaboutwork.Weallneedtoenjoyourselvesandspendqualitytimewiththepeoplewelove.___44___Goingforawalk,playingagamewithyourkidsorjustenjoyingamovienight,canallbereallygreatexercisestostrengthenyourcloserelationships.Getaworkout.___45___Iamsureyouhaveheardthismanytimes,butexercisecanreallybenefityourbody,mind,andbuildyourself-confidencetohelpyoukeepahealthylifestyle.___46___Ifyoulikegettingthingsdoneintheevening,thiscouldbethebesttimeofyourdaytoworkonsomeart.Bycreatingsomethingartistic,youmightevendiscoversomehiddentalents.A.Createyourartatnight.B.Itisusefulforimprovingyourthinking.C.Manysuccessfulpeoplereadeveryday.D.Wemustcreatesomethingmeaningful.E.Sowhynotwritethemalldowninajournal?F.Successfulpeopleknowhowtomaketimefortheirfamily.G.Afteratiringday,itisimportantforyoutogooutandgetyourbodymoving.【答案】42.C43.E44.F45.G46.A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。成功的人不仅有健康的早晨习惯,而且知道如何正确利用晚上的时间,他们都有几个特别的习惯。42题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文Readabook.(读一本书)及下文Theyallknowtheimportanceofeducatingthemselveseverysingleday(他们都知道每天自学的重要性)可知,C项“许多成功人士每天都读书”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。【43题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文Havingawell-writtenplancanreallybenefitthetasksyouhavesetfortheday.Itisreallydifficulttorememberallthethingsyouneedtodo. (有一个写得很好的计划真的可以帮助你完成一天的任务。记住所有需要做的事情真的很难)可知,E项“那么为什么不把它们都写在日记里呢?”符合此处语境。故E选项正确。【44题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文Spendtimewithfamily.Lifeisnotallaboutwork(花时间和家人在一起。生活不仅仅是工作。)可知,F项“成功的人知道如何为家人腾出时间”符合此处语境。故F选项正确。【45题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文Getaworkout.(得到一个锻炼)可知,G项“劳累了一天之后,出去活动一下身体是很重要的”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。【46题详解】考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文Ifyoulikegettingthingsdoneintheevening,thiscouldbethebesttimeofyourdaytoworkonsomeart.(如果你喜欢在晚上做事情,这可能是你一天中从事艺术工作的最佳时间)可知,A项“在晚上创作你的艺术”符合此处语境。故A选项正确。【点睛】七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断,虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解,但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。七个选项中选五个,比四个选项中选一个,感觉干扰性更大,很大同学在做这个题目时,总有一种眼花缭乱、心烦气躁的感觉,致使往往正确率不高。在这里提醒同学们,首先要克服心理障碍,同时要注意方式方法;其次,注意设空前后的句子,因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的,所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第3小题,根据上文Spendtimewithfamily.Lifeisnotallaboutwork(花时间和家人在一起。生活不仅仅是工作。)可知,F项“成功的人知道如何为家人腾出时间”符合此处语境。其中原文中的Spendtimewithfamily.与F项中的maketimefortheirfamily相对应。故F选项正确。E第三节阅读下面短文和问题,根据短文内容和每小题后具体要求,完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚,结构正确,书写工整。BeijingDaxingAirportisFinallyOpenBeijingDaxingInternationalAirport(PKX),alsoknownasBeijingNewAirport,isthebiggestairportintheworld.ItisalsothesecondinternationalairportofBeijingalongwithBeijingCapitalInternationalairport.DaxingAirportislocatedinDaxingDistrict(thesouthernsuburbsofBeijing).Itslocationwasselectedafterthoroughanalysis.Witha46km-distancefromTiananmenSquare,a67km-distancefromBeijingInternationalAirportanda26km-distancefromLangfangCityCenter,DaxingAirportaimstobecomethemainairporthuboftheservingarea.Itisexpectedtohandleupto45millionpassengersperyearby2021andreachanoutstanding100millioninthefuture. HowbigisDaxingAirport?DaxingAirportwascalled“Starfish”becauseofitsimpressiveshape.Thereisahugeterminalbuilding(航站楼)coveringa700,000m²areawhilethegroundtransportationcentreextendsto80,000m².Forthetimebeing,DaxingAirporthasfourrunwaysand79airportstands.The4runways’sizeisimpressivewhiletheairportstandsaresuitablebothforonetwin-aisle(双通道)andtwosingle-aisleplanes.Eventually,theairportwillhave7runwaysintotalandwillbeabletoserveabout620,000flightsannually.WhodesignedDaxingAirport?Theairport’sdesignispioneering.ItsterminalbuildingistheimpressiveoutcomeofthecollaborationbetweenADPIngeniérie(ADPI)andthearchitectureteamofZahaHadid(ZHA)whotragicallypassedawayin2016.Then,inAugust2018,HongKongdesignstudioLead8undertookthedesignofthenewcommercialterminalwhichisexpectedtorespondtoeverypassenger’sneeds.Whatarethedesigningadvantages?DaxingAirportwasdesignedtoshowhighrespecttoenvironmentalprotection.Besides,tosimplifypassengerprocedures,thereareonlylessthan600metersbetweencheckpointsandgatesandaminimumwaitingtimeforbaggageclaim.Furthermore,thedesignerspaidgreatattentiontotheconvenientgroundtransportationsystemoftheairport.High-speedandintercitytrains,metroandpublicbuseswillconnectthenewairporttoBeijingcityandothermajorareasinafastandefficientway.47.WhatdoesDaxingAirportaimto?(不多于九个单词)48.WhyisDaxingAirportcalled“Starfish”?(不多于五个单词)49.Whodesignedthecommercialterminal?(不多于六个单词)50.PleasewritedownoneofthedesigningadvantagesofDaxingAirport.(不多于七个单词)【答案】47.Becomethemainairporthuboftheservingarea.48.Becauseofitsimpressiveshape.49.HongKongdesignstudioLead8.50.Toshowhighrespecttoenvironmentalprotection.Tosimplifypassengerprocedures.Theconvenientgroundtransportationsystem. 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京新的第二国际机场,也是世界上最大的机场——大兴机场的相关信息。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中DaxingAirportaimstobecomethemainairporthuboftheservingarea.可知,大兴机场是服务区内主要的机场枢纽。故填Becomethemainairporthuboftheservingarea.。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中DaxingAirportwascalled“Starfish”becauseofitsimpressiveshape.可知,大兴机场因其令人印象深刻的外形而被称为“海星”。故填Becauseofitsimpressiveshape.。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Then,inAugust2018,HongKongdesignstudioLead8undertookthedesignofthenewcommercialterminalwhichisexpectedtorespondtoeverypassenger’sneeds.可知,然后,在2018年8月,香港设计工作室Lead8承担了新的商业航站楼的设计工作,希望能满足每一位乘客的需求。可推知香港设计工作室Lead8设计了新的商业航站楼。故填HongKongdesignstudioLead8.。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中DaxingAirportwasdesignedtoshowhighrespecttoenvironmentalprotection.Besides,tosimplifypassengerprocedures,thereareonlylessthan600metersbetweencheckpointsandgatesandaminimumwaitingtimeforbaggageclaim.Furthermore,thedesignerspaidgreatattentiontotheconvenientgroundtransportationsystemoftheairport.可知,大兴机场的设计体现了对环境保护的高度尊重。此外,为了简化旅客手续,检查站和登机口之间的距离不到600米,而且提取行李的等待时间也很短。再者机场便捷的地面交通系统也受到了设计者的重视。可推知大兴机场有三个优点。故填Toshowhighrespecttoenvironmentalprotection.;Tosimplifypassengerprocedures.;Theconvenientgroundtransportationsystem.。第II卷(25分)第一部分:基础知识(共5分)从方框内选择适当短语,并用其适当形式填空,有两个多余短语。(共5小题;每小题1分,共5分)51.Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatients____________theyneedmedicalhelp.52.ItisoneoftraditionsforChinesepeopleto_______________thetableandtalkduringtheSpringFestival.53.Granny’shandwasslightlyshakybutshestill_____________tohelptheboywritealettertoFatherChristmas.54.Whilemobiledevicesbringconveniencetopeople’slife,italsocauses______________problemsamongthe teenagers.55.Jennywantedto_______________fortheschoolbasketballteam,hopingthatonedayhecouldbecomeaprofessionalbasketballplayer.【答案】51.incase52.gatheraround53.madeaneffort54.avarietyof55.signup【解析】【51题详解】考查介词短语。句意:医生把他的电话号码告诉了病人,以防他们需要医疗帮助。分析句子可知,空格处填连词,根据theyneedmedicalhelp可知此处表示可能会出现的情况,因此incase“以防”符合题意。故填incase。【52题详解】考查动词短语。句意:春节期间,中国人聚在饭桌边一起聊天是一种传统。根据thetableandtalk可知此处是聚在饭桌边,因此gatheraround“围着,聚集在”符合题意。故填gatheraround。【53题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意:奶奶的手有点颤抖,但她还是努力帮男孩给圣诞老人写信。根据was可知时态是一般过去时,再由tohelptheboywritealettertoFatherChristmas可知此处是尽力帮忙,因此makeaneffort“努力,尽力”符合题意。故填madeaneffort。【54题详解】考查固定短语。句意:手机在给人们的生活带来便利的同时,也给青少年带来了各种各样的问题。根据problems可知此处表示许多问题,因此avarietyof“种种,各种各样的”符合题意。故填avarietyof。【55题详解】考查动词短语。句意:Jenny想报名参加学校篮球队,希望有一天他能成为一名职业篮球运动员。根据fortheschoolbasketballteam可知此处表示想报名参加学校篮球队,因此signup“报名”符合题意。故填signup。第二部分:书面表达(共20分)56.根据题目所提出的具体要求,在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的短文。假如你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据以下提示给他回信。1.takeaChinesecourse2.learnandsingChinesesongs ...注意:1.词数不少于60。2.信的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。DearPeter,I'mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon!Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPeter,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell.Hereareafewsuggestions:First,itisimportanttotakeaChinesecourse,asyou’llbeabletolearnfromtheteacherandpracticewithyourfellowstudents.Then,itshouldbeagoodideatolearnandsingChinesesongs,becausebydoingsoyou’ll1earnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily.Besides,ithelpstowatchTVandreadbooks,newspapersandmagazinesinChinesewheneverpossible.YoucanalsomakemoreChinesefriends.TheywilltellyoualotaboutChinaandhelpyoulearnChinese.Ihopeyou’llfindmysuggestionshelpful.TrytowritemeinChinesenexttime.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生写一封邮件,回复英国朋友Peter关于如何才能学好中文的建议。【详解】第一步:审题体裁:应用文;人称:第一、三人称为主; 时态:根据提示,时态应为一般现在时;结构:总-分-总法;要点:1.takeaChinesecourse2.learnandsingChinesesongs等第二步:列提纲(重点词组)askfor;learnwell;takeaChinesecourse;afew;beableto;learnfrom;fellowstudents;Chinesesongs;watchTV;readbooks;makefriends;alot;nexttime;lookforwardto等第三步:连词成句1.I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell.2.ItisimportanttotakeaChinesecourse,asyou’llbeabletolearnfromtheteacherandpracticewithyourfellowstudents.3.ItshouldbeagoodideatolearnandsingChinesesongs,becausebydoingsoyou’ll1earnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily.4.IthelpstowatchTVandreadbooks,newspapersandmagazinesinChinesewheneverpossible.5.TheywilltellyoualotaboutChinaandhelpyoulearnChinese.6.Ihopeyou’llfindmysuggestionshelpful.7.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.等根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步:连句成篇(衔接词)1.表文章结构顺序:First;Then;2.表并列补充关系:Besides;and;also;3.表因果关系:as等连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰。第五步:润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整,要点全面,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句,如:I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell.使用了现在分词作状语;itisimportanttotakeaChinesecourse,asyou’llbeabletolearnfromtheteacherandpracticewithyourfellowstudents.使用了it作形式主语和as引导状语从句;itshouldbeagoodideatolearnandsingChinesesongs,becausebydoingsoyou’ll1earnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily.使用了it作形式主语和because引导状语从句;ithelpstowatchTVandreadbooks,newspapersandmagazinesin Chinesewheneverpossible.使用了it作形式主语和whatever引导的状语从句;TheywilltellyoualotaboutChinaandhelpyoulearnChinese.使用了and连接的并列句;Ihopeyou’llfindmysuggestionshelpful.使用了find+宾语+宾语结构等。还使用了一些固定短语,如:askfor;learnwell;afew;beableto;learnfrom;makefriends;alot;lookforwardto等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外,文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然,为文章增色添彩。

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