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1、16Graphicalanalysis,milestonesandLoBItisoftendesirabletopresenttheprogrammeofaprojectintheformofabarchart,andwhenthecriticalpathandfloatshavebeenfoundbyeitherthearithmeticalorcomputermethods,thebarcharthastobedrawnasanadditionaltask.(Mostcomputerprogramscanactuallyprintabarchartbut
2、theseoftenruntoseveralsheets.)AsexplainedinChapter25,barcharts,whiletheyarenotaseffectiveasnetworksfortheactualplanningfunction,arestilloneofthebestmethodsforallocatingandsmoothingresources.Ifresourcelistingandsubsequentsmoothingisanessentialrequirement,graphicalanalysiscangivetheb
3、estofbothworlds.Naturally,anynetwork,howeveranalysed,canbeconvertedveryeasilyintoabarchart,butifthenetworkisanalysedgraphicallythebarchartcanbe‘hadforfree’,asitwere.Moderncomputerprogramswillofcoursepro-ducebarcharts(orGanttcharts)fromtheinputsalmostautomatically.Indeedtheinputscre
4、enitselfoftengeneratesthebarchartasthedataareentered.However,whenacomputerisnotGraphicalanalysis,milestonesandLoBavailableortheplannerisnotconversantwiththeparticularcomputerprogramthegraphicalmethodbecomesausefulalternative.Thefollowinglistgivessomeoftheadvantagesoverothermethods,
5、butbeforethesystemisusedonlargejobsplannersarestronglyadvizedtotestitforthemselvesonsmallercontractssothattheycanappreciatetheshort-cutmethodsandthussaveevenmoreplanningtime.1Theanalysisisextremelyrapid,muchquickerthanthearithmeticalmethod.Thisisespeciallythecasewhen,aftersomepract
6、ice,thecriticalpathcanbefoundbyinspection.2Asthenetworkisanalysed,thebarchartisgeneratedautomaticallyandnofurtherlabourneedbeexpendedtodothisatalaterstage.3Thecriticalpathisproducedbeforethefloatsareknown.(Thisisincontrasttotheothermethods,wherethefloatshavetobecalculatedfirstbefor
7、ethecriticalpathcanbeseen.)Theadvantageofthisisthatuserscanseeatoncewhethertheprojecttimeiswithinthespecifiedlimits,permittingthemtomakeadjustmentstothecriticalactivitieswithoutbotheringaboutthenon-criticalones.4Sincetheresultsareshowninbarchartform,theyaremorereadilyunderstoodbype
8、rsonsfamiliarwiththisformo
