british or american english a handbook of wor

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1、1Verbs1.1DerivationBritishhassomeverbslackingorcomparativelyrareinAmerican,manyofwhicharedenominal.bathBathe:InCICBritishtexts,batheis5or6timesmorefrequentthanbathasaverb,whereastheverbbathisveryrareinAmericanuse,batheoccurringabout40timesmoreoften.1.intransitiveWashoneselfina(bath

2、)tub1990Aug.13Times10/2.2.transitiveWash(someone)ina(bath)tub1992Dexter292.Note:Incommon-coreEnglishuse,transitivebathealsomeans“applywaterorotherliquidtosomethingtocleanorsootheit,”butinBritishEnglishitdoesnotusuallymean“washsomeone

3、inabath,”forwhichbathisused;thatdifferenceinmeaningexplainsthefollowing:<“Isitallright”sheasked.“Notgonegangrenous,hasit?Ican’tseeverywell.”[¶]Iassuredheritwasn’tgangrenous,thatI’dbatheitandthatitwouldbebetterleftexposed.[¶]Shemisunderstoodorpretendedto.“Abath,”shesaid.“Ihaven’thad

4、abathfortwoyears.Ineedsomeonetogetmeout.You’llbathme.”>1991Green40.beastBehavelikeabeast:Theverbaluseofbeastisveryrare.<...provostsergeantsappearatworkat8amanddon’tstopshouting,bullyingandbeastinguntiltheyclockoffat4.30.>1995Aug.28Independent27/5.binTrash;junk;putintoabin“trashcan”

5、:ThenounbinisnotusedinAmeri-canEnglishofacontainerfortrash,sonocorrespondingverbexists.1990Aug.20EveningStandard22/3–4.burgleBurglarize:BurgleisfrequentinBritishuse;CIChasnotokensofBritishburglarize.BothformsareusedinAmerican,butburglarizeisabout20time

6、smorefrequentthanburgle.OfarandomCICsampleof250tokensofBritishburgle,96wereactiveand154werepassive;oftheactiveuses,57hadplacesastheirobjects,3hadpersons,11hadthings(burglearadio),abstractions(burgleavictory),orwereindeterminate,and25wereintransitive.Ofthepassiveuses,1appliedtoathin

7、g,56toplaces,and97topersons.Thustheverbismorelikelytobepassivethanactive,andwhenactivetotakeanounofplaceas1112PartsofSpeechitsobject,butwhenpassivetohaveapersonalnounassubject.1994Sept.Tatler147/1.

8、aremorelikelytodieorbemove