DB43∕T 1922-2020 大棚番茄秋延后栽培技术规程(湖南省)

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ICS65.020.20CCSB35DB43湖南省地方标准DB43/T1922—2020大棚番茄秋延后栽培技术规程TheTechnicalRegulationforAutumninDelayofTomatoCultivationinPlasticShed2020-12-29发布2021-03-29实施湖南省市场监督管理局发布

1

2DB43/T1922—2020目次前言························································································································Ⅲ1范围·····················································································································12规范性引用文件······································································································13术语和定义············································································································14品种选择···············································································································15播种育苗···············································································································16整地施肥···············································································································27适期定植···············································································································28田间管理···············································································································39病虫害防治············································································································310采收····················································································································311档案管理··············································································································3附录A（资料性）大棚番茄秋延后主要病虫害防治方法····················································4附录B（规范性）大棚番茄秋延后生产管理档案·····························································5I

3DB43/T1922—2020II

4DB43/T1922—2020前言本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020给出的规则起草。请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利，本标准的发布机构不承担识别责任。本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。本文件起草单位：常德市农林科学研究院、常德市农业农村局、常德市农学会、湖南春露农业开发有限公司。本文件起草人：康杰、孙信成、张忠武、蒋万、杨连勇、彭元群、陈位平、黄琳、何岩、邓正春、朱明玉、冷丽萍、杨宇、薛鑫、田军、詹远华、段赞赞。III

5DB43/T1922—2020IV

6DB43/T1922—2020大棚番茄秋延后栽培技术规程1范围本文件规定了大棚番茄秋延后栽培的术语和定义、品种选择、播种育苗、整地施肥、适期定植、田间管理、病虫害防治、采收、档案管理等技术内容。本文件适用于湖南省内大棚番茄秋延后栽培。2规范性引用文件下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。GB/T8321农药合理使用准则NY5010无公害食品蔬菜产地环境条件3术语和定义下列术语和定义适用于本文件。秋延后栽培Cultivationindelayautumn指利用大棚、温室等保护设施，通过调节棚内气候因子，如温度、光照、水分等，延长蔬菜供应期的技术措施。4品种选择选择品质优、符合市场需求、抗病性强、耐高温的中晚熟粉红果品种为宜，主要品种有魁冠V6、棚友、粉都高产王等。5播种育苗5.1播种时期7月上、中旬播种为宜。5.2种子处理将种子用清水浸泡5h～6h，然后用0.1％的高锰酸钾溶液浸泡10min～15min，再用清水清洗干净后播种。5.3培育壮苗1

7DB43/T1922—20205.3.1穴盘规格宜采用50孔穴盘一次成苗技术育苗。5.3.2播种将专用育苗基质装入穴盘中，浇透底水，缩水后每孔点入种子一粒。5.3.3壮苗管理5.3.3.1环境管理播种后用遮阳网遮阴，出苗后揭除遮阳网，定植前7d～10d不再遮阴。幼苗生长过程中要及时注意天气变化，如遇阴雨天气要及时在苗床上搭上防雨棚。5.3.3.2虫害管理苗床如发现蚜虫危害，可喷洒10％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂3000倍液，或在苗床上覆盖防虫网。5.3.3.3水分管理出苗后根据苗床干湿情况适时浇水，浇水宜在清晨和傍晚时进行。5.3.3.4其他管理幼苗1片～2片真叶时拔除苗床内杂苗、弱苗、病苗，并对空穴内进行补栽，保证每穴有一株健壮苗子。5.4壮苗标准外部形态标准是秧苗健壮，株顶平而不突出，高度15cm左右；叶色偏深绿，茎粗壮，横径0.6cm～1.0cm，节间短；茎、叶茸毛多；第一花序现蕾但未开放；根系发达，侧根数量多，呈白色；无病虫害。6整地施肥6.1土壤要求栽培土地应符合NY5010的要求。前茬收获后清洁田园，将废弃物带出田外进行深埋处理，并对土壤进行耕翻暴晒。6.2施底肥2结合最后一次整地，每1hm施入商品有机肥4t～5t、三元复合肥750kg、钙镁磷肥750kg。6.3开沟起垄沿大棚方向起垄，8m跨度大棚作4垄，按垄宽1.5m，沟宽40cm、深10cm～15cm，起垄后覆盖银灰双色地膜。7适期定植28月中下旬秧苗达到6片～7片叶时定植，每垄定植两行，株距45cm，每1hm定植36900株。定2

8DB43/T1922—2020植时浇足定植水，水下渗后用细土封住定植口。8田间管理8.1植株调整8.1.1绑蔓栽植缓苗后及时进行搭架，架人字架为宜，搭架后及时绑蔓，位置在花序下1片～2片叶下。8.1.2整枝采用单杆整枝方式，即只留主蔓，其余侧蔓全部摘除。一般大果番茄每穗果留3个～4个果，小果番茄每穗果留8个～10个果，其余的全部疏除，最后一穗果上面留2片叶摘心。8.2水肥管理定植缓苗后浇一次缓苗水和提苗肥，开花期控水控肥。以后根据棚内土壤干湿情况可在每穗果实膨2大时各浇一次水；结合浇水每次每1hm追施三元复合肥225kg，同时叶面喷施0.3％～0.5％的磷酸二氢钾2次～3次。8.3温湿度控制前期温度较高需要搭盖遮阳网进行降温，进入10月份以后，早晚要密闭大棚保温，午后进行通风排湿，保持大棚内适宜的温湿度。9病虫害防治9.1农业防治及时清除田间病叶、病果、病枝。及时清除基部老黄叶片，加强通风透光。9.2物理防治2在大棚内张挂黄色诱虫板，高度与番茄植株顶端相持平，每1hm挂450块～600块。有条件的可在大棚两侧通风口装上防虫网，减少害虫进入。9.3化学防治化学农药的选择和使用应符合GB/T8321的要求。常见病虫害的化学防治方法见附录A。10采收秋延后大棚番茄一般于9月下旬开始采收。对还未转色成熟的番茄果实要及时采收，在室内覆盖棚膜进行堆放，避免果实受冻，待果实充分成熟后，挑选商品性好的果实进行销售。11档案管理档案管理见附录B。3

9DB43/T1922—2020附录A（资料性）大棚番茄秋延后主要病虫害防治方法表A.1番茄主要病虫害防治方法防治安全间隔期项目病虫害药剂、规格使用方法次数（d）20％甲基立枯磷乳油1200倍液喷雾37苗期猝倒病64％杀毒矾可湿性粉剂600倍液喷雾3720％噻唑锌悬浮剂800倍液喷雾37细菌性角斑病70％敌克松可湿性粉剂1000倍液灌根3750％速克灵可湿性粉剂1500倍液喷雾37病害灰霉病50％灰霉灵可湿性粉剂500倍液喷雾3740％乙膦铝粉剂300倍液喷雾37疫病75％百菌清粉剂500倍液喷雾3720％毒克星（病毒A）可湿性粉剂500倍液喷雾37病毒病5％菌毒清可湿性粉剂300倍液喷雾3710％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂1000倍液喷雾27蚜虫2.5％联苯菊酯乳油2000倍液喷雾372.5％高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油2000倍液喷雾37虫害48％乐斯本乳油1000倍液喷雾37美洲斑潜蝇10％氯氰菊酯乳油2000倍液喷雾372.5％高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油2000倍液喷雾37白粉虱10％氯氰菊酯乳油1500倍液喷雾374

10DB43/T1922—2020附录B（规范性）大棚番茄秋延后生产管理档案表B.1农事活动记载表2丘块名称面积（667m）品种操作日期序号土壤种类、肥力、前茬作物操作内容与方法完成情况及效果记载人（月、日）12…表B.2投入品使用记载表2丘块名称面积（667m）品种使用日期序号品名种类来源用量方法效果记载人（月、日）12…表B.3物候期记载表2面积（667m）品种育苗期移栽期始收期终收期记载人（月、日）（月、日）（月、日）（月、日）5