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1、语境在话语理解中的作用ONTHEROLEOFCONTEXTINUTTERANCEINTERPRETATIONAbstractLanguageisameansofverbalcommunication.Ithaslongbeenrecognizedthatlanguageisanessentialandimportantpartofagivencultureandthattheimpactofcultureuponagivenlanguageissomethingessentialandnecessary.Ahumanlanguageisasystemofremarkablecomplex
2、ity.Tocometoknowahumanlanguagewouldbeanextraordinaryintellectualachievement.Languageproductionisverydefinitelyofagoal-directionactivity.Inthesensethatpeoplespeakandwriteinordertomakefriends,influencepeople,conveyinformation,andsoon.Butanykindofcommunicationalloccursinacertainlinguisticenvironment
3、－context.Contextisaverycomplicatedandvarious.Itplaysthekeyroleinthecreationofdiscourseandtheutteranceinterpretation.Bymeansofcontext,hearerscanunderstandimplication,discriminateambiguitytogetassuranceinformation,inferringcommoninformationfromunqualifiedorabnormalsentencesfromtheperspectiveofseman
4、tics,specificandclearinformationfromambiguousmeaningandoppositeinformationtothesentencemeaning.Also,wecanomitandautomaticallycomplementsentencemeaningfromcontext.Thispaperfocusontheroleofcontextinutteranceinterpretation,itconcludesthatutteranceinterpretationactuallyisaprocessofcontextinferences.K
5、eywords:context；utteranceinterpretation；role；information.摘要语言是言语交流的一种方式。人们很早就认识到,语言是一种特定文化中基本和重要的组成部分,语言对文化有着本质的,不可替代的影响。人类的语言是一个极其复杂的系统。了解人类语言是一项伟大的智力成就。人们说话或者写文章是为了交朋友,影响别人,传递信息等等。在这个意义上,语言产生无疑是一种目标驱动的活动。然而任何一种交流均发生在特定的语言环境—语境中。语境十分复杂,难以穷尽。语境对于话语的产生和话语意义的理解有着非常关键的作用。体现在:依赖语境可以帮助受话者听出“言外之义”,辨析歧义
6、获得准确的信息,从语义上不合格或不规范的句子或词语中推断出正常的信息,以模糊的意义推断出具体明确的信息,推断出与句子意义相反的信息,进行省略,自动补充语意等。本文就语境对话语理解中的作用进行讨论,从而得出语境是话语理解的推断过程。关键词:语境；话语理解；作用；信息。Contents1.Introduction12.TheDefinitionofcontext13.ClassificationofContext23.1Contextofsituation23.2ContextofCulture34.TheFunctionsofContextinUtteranceInterpretation
7、54.1TheDeixisandRelevance54.2TheConversationalImplicatureandIllocutionaryForce65.ContextandUtteranceInterpretation85.1TheInterpretationofvagueortheAmbiguityUtterances85.2TheInterpretationoftheTropeUtterances85.3TheInte
