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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目：OpennesstoForeignDirectInvestmentinServices:AnInternationalComparativeAnalysis出处：TheWorldEconomy作者：StephenS.Golub原文：OpennesstoForeignDirectInvestmentinServices:AnInternationalComparativeAnalysisStephenS.GolubAbstractNationalpoliciestowar
2、dsFDItypicallyfeaturemeasuresaimedatbothattractinganddiscouraginginflows.PoliciestoattractFDIsuchastaxbreaks,favourableregulatorytreatmentandsubsidiesofvarioussortsareusuallyfocusedonmanufacturing.Policiestowardsservicesarefarmoreambivalent.Lawsandregul
3、atorypracticesfrequentlydiscriminateagainstforeigninvestorsinservicessuchaspublicutilities(electricitydistributionandtelecommunicationsinparticular),transport(notablyairandmaritimetransport),financialservices,andevenconstructionandwholesale/retaildistri
4、bution.1.IntroductionAsinthecaseofmanufacturing,countriesbenefitfromFDIinservicesthroughemploymentcreation,capitalaccumulation,transferoftechnology,improvedserviceandincreasedcompetition.Moreover,liberalisationofFDIinservicescancontributetomanufacturing
5、productivitybyincreasingavailabilityofqualityofproduction-relatedservices(Arnoldetal.,2006,2007;Gouldetal.,2007).CriticsarguethatFDIcanalsoimposeeconomiccostssuchasdisplacementoflocalfirmsandreducedcompetition.Infant‘entrepreneurship’argumentscanbeadduc
6、edinfavourofdiscriminationagainstforeign9investors.Servicesectorsarealsotypicallysubjecttoeconomicorprudentialregulation,becauseoftendenciestowardsnaturalmonopolyorothermarketfailures,althoughsuchmarketfailuresdonotinthemselvesprovideaclear-cutrational
7、efordiscriminationbetweenlocalandforeigninvestors.Themainreasonsforlimitingforeignownershipinservicesarenon-economic,relatingtonationalsecurityoreconomicnationalism.Industriessuchastelecommunications,banking,transportationandelectricityprovisionareofte
8、nviewedbyhostcountriesas‘strategic’or‘sensitive’.Servicesarethereforegenerallysubjecttofarmorestringentrestrictionsthanmanufacturingandevennaturalresources(Hotelman,1995).Thecross-borderprovisionofservices,unlikegoods,oftencanonlybedeli
