材料力学双语教学学习资料1

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1、材料力学双语教学学习资料1主讲教师：陈晓峰第一章绪论Chapter1Introduction§1-1材料力学的任务TheTasksofMechanicsofMaterials1*.材料力学:MechanicsofMaterials2.构件:StructuralMembers3.变形：Deformation4*.强Strength5*.刚度:Rigidity6*.稳定性：Stability§1-2变形固体的基本假设FundamentalAssumptionsofSolidDeformationBodies1.连续性假设:Continuity2.均匀性假设：

2、Homogeneity3.各向同性假设:Isotropy§1.3外力及其分类ExternalForcesandClassification1.分布力:DistributedForce2.集中力:PointForce3.静载荷:StaticLoad4.动载荷：DynamicLoad§1.4内力、截面法和应力的概念ConceptsofInternalForces,MethodofSectionandStress1*.内力:InternalForce2.截血法：MethodofSection3.截面法的三个步骤：截开，代替，平衡Threestepsofmeth

3、odofsection:cutoff,substitute,andequilibrium.4*.应力:Stress5.平均应力：Averagestress6.应力（全应力）：Wholestress（sumstress）7*.正应力：NormalStress8*.剪应力（切应力）:ShearingStress§1.5变形与应变DeformationandStrain1・线应变:Strain2.剪应变：ShearingStrain§1.6杆件变形的基本形式BasiclpcsofDeformationsofRods1*.拉伸或压缩:TensionorComp

4、ression2*.剪切:Shear3*.扭转:Torsion4*.弯ft:Bending第二章拉伸、压缩与剪切Chapter2Tension,CompressionandShear§2.1轴向拉伸与压缩的概念和实例TheConceptandExamplesofAxialTensionandCompression1.拉杆:TensileRod2.圧杆：CompressiveRod3.受力特点:外力合力的作用线与杆轴线重合CharacteristicoftheExternalForces:Theactinglineoftheresultantofexter

5、nalforcesiscoincidedwiththeaxisoftherod.4.变形特点：杆沿轴向伸长或缩短CharacteristicofDeformation:Rodwillelongateorcontractalongtheaxisoftherod.§2.2轴向拉伸或压缩时横截面上的内力和应力InternalForceandStressofAxialTensionorCompressionontheCrossSection1*.横截面：CrossSection2*.轴力：NormalForce3*.轴力图：DiagramofNormalForc

6、e§2.3直杆轴向拉伸或压缩时斜截面上的应力StressofAxialTensionorCompressionontheSkewSection1.斜截面：SkewSection2.oa=crcos2a=—sin2a2§2.4材料在拉伸时的力学性能MechanicalPropertiesofMaterialswithTensileLoad1.标准试件:Specimen2.低碳钢(CW0.3%):LowCarbonSteel3.弹性阶段:ElasticRegion4.屈服阶段:YieldingStage5.强化阶段：HardeningStage6.颈缩阶段：

7、NeckingStage7*.op・…比例极限：ProportionalLimit8*.oe-…弹性极限:ElasticLimit9*.os-■一屈服极限：YieldingStress10.oh——强度极限：UltimateStress11.延伸率：PercentElongation12.断血收缩率：PercentReductionofArea13.塑性材料：DuctileMaterials14.脆性材料:BrittleMaterials15.铸铁:Castiron§2.7失效、安全系数和强度计算Failure,SafetyfactorandStreng

8、thcalculation1*.许用应力:AllowableStress2.安全