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1、外文翻译原文:MeaningfulMotivationforWorkMotivationTheoryTheJuly2004AMRSpecialTopicForumontheFutureofWorkMotivationTheoryopensupnewresearchdirectionstohelpusunderstandwhatmotivateswor-kerstowork,butitsayscomparativelylittleaboutwhyweshouldmotivateworkerstowork.Thatis,wha
2、tisthemotivationforworkmotivationtheory?Perhapsthelackofemphasisonthisquestionresultsfromaperceptionthattheanswerisquiteobvious:weneedtomotivateworkersinordertoboostproductivity.Indeed,thespecialissueeditors—Steers,Mowday,andShapiro(2004)—brieflyaddressthequestion
3、asades-cryiptivematter.Theysuggestthatthemotivationformanagerstoansweritistoenhanceindividualandgroupperformance,whilethemotivationforresearchersistosupporttheoriesofeffectivemanagement.Thelackofattentiontothequestionasanormativematter,however,isremarkable,especia
4、llysincetheguesteditorsmakeadirectconnectionbetweenearlydevelopmentsinmotivationtheoryandthehistoryofphilosophicalandpsychologicalethics.Theethicsofworkmotivationtheoryareimportantbecausemotivationaleffortscanexertcontroloverindividualmoralautonomy.Amongotherthing
5、s,motivationusuallyinvolvesthemanipulationofvaluesthatmotivateindividualstoworkfororganizationalends.Inotherwords,factorsthatindividualworkersregardasvaluableneedtobechanneledorredirectedtoaugmentorganizationalproductivity.Manipulationofvaluesdoesnotnecessarilymea
6、nsubvertingordisregardingmoralautonomy;tothecontrary,onecommonthemeinworkmotivationtheoryisthateffectivemotivationalstrategiesoftenseektosatiateworkersinordertosupporttheirproductivity.Forexample,FriedandSlowik(2004)discusstheroleoftimeingoal-settingtheory,support
7、ingtheconceptionthatworkers’individualgoalsarerelevantmotivationalvaluesbutalsoshowingthatsubjectivetimeconsiderationsmayinfluencethepowerandprioritizationofgoals.Similarly,KanferandAckerman(2004)arguethattheeffectivenessofmotivationalstrategieswouldbenefitfromacc
8、ountingforworkers’age-relatedchanges.Amongotherthings,theseexamplesimplythateffectiveworkmotivationincludesascertainingwhatisvaluedbytheindividualworker